试论古代中世纪西方圣徒崇拜的社会功能

发布时间：2018-05-27 18:01

本文选题：古代中世纪 + 圣徒崇拜　；参考：《世界历史》2012年06期

【摘要】：早期基督教圣徒崇拜,在罗马帝国西部主要表现为圣物崇拜,而在东部则表现为圣像崇拜,这一差异是由两地从古代向中世纪社会转变的不同态势决定的。在古代末期和中世纪时期,圣徒们发挥着各色各样的社会功能,他们既被看做其所在教区的庇护者,又被视为基督教信仰的英雄以及世人生活的道德楷模,因此这种崇拜在外表特征上的确类似于古代的多神崇拜。不过从本质上看,由于人们通过圣徒崇拜打通了神与人、生与死之间的联系渠道,缓解了古代社会的阶级和阶层对抗,再造了社会的凝聚力;并改变了社会财富支配的方式,扩大了财富分配的范围。因此,这种崇拜便不只是对于古代英雄崇拜的简单复制,它作为平衡历史落差的缓冲器,在调节纷繁复杂的社会关系方面,具有极其重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In the western part of the Roman Empire, the worship of the early Christian saints was mainly manifested as the worship of sacrament, while in the east it was the worship of the holy images, which was determined by the different situations of the two places changing from the ancient times to the Middle Ages. At the end of ancient times and in the Middle Ages, saints played a variety of social functions. They were regarded as patrons of their parishes, as heroes of Christian faith, and as moral models for the lives of the world. Therefore, the appearance of this worship is indeed similar to the ancient polytheism. However, in essence, because people through the worship of saints through the God and man, life and death between the connection channels, alleviated the ancient society class and class confrontation, recreate the social cohesion, and changed the way of social wealth control. The distribution of wealth has been broadened. Therefore, this kind of worship is not only a simple copy of ancient hero worship, but also plays an extremely important role in regulating complicated social relations as a buffer to balance the historical drop.
【作者单位】：华南师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科项目广东省哲学社会科学项目“罗马帝国时代基督教通俗信仰研究”的阶段性成果,批准文号:07JA770025及批准文号:07I03
【分类号】：K503;B978

【参考文献】