希帕提娅之死与亚历山大城的基督教与世俗权力冲突（公元4-5世纪）

发布时间：2018-05-29 18:27

本文选题：亚历山大城 + 基督教与世俗权力冲突　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着公元4世纪初基督教的合法化,基督教势力也日渐壮大。在这一过程中,罗马帝国东部迎来了剧烈的社会和宗教变革,基督教不断取得了罗马帝国政府的宗教权力和精神权威,这一过程不是平静的,而是伴有直接且剧烈的暴力冲突,在基督教与世俗权力不断争夺精神权威的过程中,位于罗马帝国东部的城市亚历山大城显得尤为严重。在这一系列冲突中,尤为值得研究的是发生在公元415年的一系列冲突,这一系列冲突导致了当时的著名女学者希帕提娅的死亡。本文以希帕提娅的死亡为研究出发点,力图真实还原公元4到5世纪发生在亚历山大城的这一系列基督教与世俗权力冲突,尝试对发生冲突的原因进行解释,并在此基础上讨论此时期亚历山大城基督教与世俗权力冲突的特点。第一章首先介绍了亚历山大城的政治概况。该章主要介绍基督教在亚历山大城的传播和发展,亚历山大里亚学派和新柏拉图主义在亚历山大城的发展情况。第二章首先介绍了希帕提娅的生平,家学渊源和学术成就。然后介绍了发生在公元415年的一系列冲突的起因、经过和结果。第三章主要探讨希帕提娅之死的原因及影响。先是介绍了同一时代发生在罗马帝国东部的其它三起冲突事件,意在说明亚历山大城的冲突不断恶化的过程,然后分析了希帕提娅卷入这一系列冲突的原因,最后介绍了希帕提娅之死的影响。在第四章中,本章对照分析了基督教会和罗马帝国两方面在这个时代发生的一系列变化。在基督教会方面,分析了主教、僧侣、殉道者在冲突当中所起的作用和变化;在罗马帝国方面则分析了皇帝、帝国的官员和市民阶层在面临与基督教会的冲突时的态度。亚历山大城发达的世俗哲学成就使得本地的教会更愿意参与论战,而且内部派系更为复杂。而基督教势力的政治权力越发增强也使得基督教在冲突中日趋主动。公元4到5世纪的这段时间是罗马帝国向一个基督教国家转型的时期,转型的过程中伴随着严重的宗教与世俗权力冲突,而这种冲突是由于基督教会和世俗权力争夺宗教权威而产生的,亚历山大城因其复杂的社会组成和丰富的思想流派在这时期极易发生此类冲突,希帕提娅也是这种冲突的受害者。
[Abstract]:With the legalization of Christianity in the early 4 th century AD, Christian power grew. In this process, the eastern part of the Roman Empire ushered in drastic social and religious changes, and Christianity constantly gained the religious power and spiritual authority of the Roman Empire government. This process was not calm, but accompanied by direct and violent violence. The city of Alexandria, located in the eastern part of the Roman Empire, is especially serious in the process of Christian and secular power vying for spiritual authority. Of this series of conflicts, it is particularly worth studying the series of conflicts that occurred in 415 AD, which led to the death of Shipatia, a famous scholar at that time. Based on the death of Hipatia, this paper tries to restore the series of conflicts between Christianity and secular power that occurred in Alexandria in the 4th and 5th century AD, and tries to explain the causes of the conflicts. On this basis, the characteristics of the conflict between Christianity and secular power in Alexandria during this period are discussed. The first chapter introduces the political situation of Alexandria. This chapter mainly introduces the spread and development of Christianity in Alexandria and the development of Alexandria and Neo-Platonism in Alexandria. The second chapter introduces Hippatia's life, family origin and academic achievements. Then it introduces the causes, processes and results of a series of conflicts that occurred in AD 415. The third chapter mainly discusses the cause and influence of Hippatia's death. First introduced three other conflicts that occurred in the eastern part of the Roman Empire at the same time, intended to illustrate the worsening process of the conflict in Alexandria, and then analyzed the reasons why Chipatia was involved in this series of conflicts. Finally, the influence of Hippatia's death is introduced. In Chapter 4, this chapter analyzes a series of changes in this time between the Christian Church and the Roman Empire. The role and changes of bishops, monks, and martyrs in the conflict are analyzed in the Christian Church, and in the Roman Empire, the attitudes of the emperor, the imperial officials, and the townspeople in the face of conflict with the Christian Church are analyzed. Alexandria's developed secular philosophical achievements made the local church more willing to participate in the debate, and the internal factions were more complex. The increasing political power of Christian forces also made Christianity more active in conflict. The period from the 4th to 5th century AD was the transition of the Roman Empire to a Christian country, which was accompanied by serious conflicts of religious and secular power. This conflict arose from the struggle for religious authority between the Christian Church and secular power, and Alexandria was prone to such conflicts during this period because of its complex social composition and rich schools of thought. Hippatia was also the victim of such a conflict.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K12

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