论西塞罗的国家观

发布时间：2018-06-04 02:34

本文选题：西塞罗 + 国家观　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 国家观是西塞罗政治思想的核心，是西塞罗对当时罗马国家状况的理解，也是他对理想国家的设想。研究西塞罗的国家观，一方面可以加深对西塞罗的了解，另一方面，也是考察罗马共和国末期国家状况的途径之一。目前学术界对西塞罗的研究虽然不少，也取得了一些成绩，但多限于哲学、政治学领域，历史学方面的研究尚显不足，且对他国家观的研究也付阙如。故本文拟从历史学的角度，结合一些政治学、哲学和心理学的知识对西塞罗的国家观进行深入的探讨。本文的主要观点有：一，国家观是人们对国家(包括其概念、起源、特征、类型、权力的分配和运用、管理方式等)的看法、观点和认识。二，，西塞罗的国家观包括他对国家概念的理解、对国家起源的认识、对国家类型的划分、对国家与个人关系的理解和对国家管理方式的阐述五个方面。三，西塞罗的国家观是罗马客观环境和他本人主观意志共同作用的结果。这两种因素并非简单的相加，而是“环境——事先倾向——反应”的关系。四，西塞罗的国家观对他的政治实践有指导作用，在当时的罗马社会有较大的影响，对后世的各种国家学说和政治实践产生了深远的影响。
[Abstract]:The concept of state is the core of Cicero's political thought, his understanding of the Roman state at that time, and his vision of an ideal country. The study of Cicero's view of the state, on the one hand, can deepen the understanding of Cicero, on the other hand, it is also one of the ways to examine the state of the late Roman Republic. Although there are a lot of researches on Cicero in academic circles, but most of them are limited to the fields of philosophy, political science and history. Therefore, this paper, from the perspective of history, combines some knowledge of politics, philosophy and psychology to probe into Cicero's view of state. The main points of this paper are: First, the concept of state is the view, view and understanding of the state (including its concept, origin, characteristics, types, distribution and application of power, management style, etc.). Second, Cicero's concept of state includes five aspects: his understanding of the concept of state, his understanding of the origin of the state, the division of the type of country, the understanding of the relationship between the state and the individual, and the elaboration of the mode of state management. Third, Cicero's view of state is the result of the combination of Rome's objective environment and his own subjective will. These two factors are not simply added together, but rather an environmental-predisposed-reaction relationship. Fourth, Cicero's concept of state had a guiding effect on his political practice, which had a great influence on the Roman society at that time, and had a profound influence on the various national theories and political practices of later generations.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K126

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