十九世纪中后期美国中西部文化转型研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 04:37

本文选题：美国 + 中西部　；参考：《西北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国中西部地区包含了两个主要群体：牧场主和牧牛人。两个群体由于各自文化条件的差异及历史发展过程略有不同，导致二者文化模式上在19世纪中后期的历史发展道路上各有特点。两种模式在这一时期由一系列群体的互动作用下不断发生着改变。通过研究这一重要且独特的历史进程，可以更加肯定大平原文化模式是由中下层群体在日复一日下的深度刻画与演绎中得到了完成，这一过程相对于其他地区是有着显著区别和重大意义的。草根阶层和非精英阶层的生活方式和思想情感，是构成大平原文化的独特养分。没有牧牛人群体与其他群体的互动，美国文化在20世纪的繁荣是无法实现的。第一部分从内战后中西部各群体大量产生的历史背景做了详细分析，说明该地区文化特征的大量表现并非偶然，而是在自然与社会条件兴起的基础上产生的。第二部分对大湖区不同群体的生活状况作了详细的论述，分别从新移民、女性、青少年的社会关系状况、工作状况、闲暇娱乐状况三个方面作了考察，从而做到尽可能还原当时真实生活的目的，同时也让人们充分认识到中西部的生活是充满艰辛和危险的。第三部分通过对大平原牧场主和农场主日常工作的具体分析，使人们意识到这种模式虽是牧民留给人类的最宝贵的遗产，但也要辩证的看待牧牛人文化；拓荒精神虽然已成为美利坚民族精神的象征，但也要以扬弃的精神来看待拓荒精神。总之，，本文旨在对19世纪中后期尤其是中西部人们的生活状况及其影响进行考察的同时，力求使人们了解中西部的真实生活，从而能够正确的看待中西部文化及其包容精神，这也对我国的还原西部原生态文化起了借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:The Midwest consists of two major groups: ranchers and cattle herders. Due to the difference of their cultural conditions and the process of their historical development, the two groups have their own characteristics in the way of historical development in the middle and late 19th century. In this period, the two models are constantly changing under the interaction of a series of groups. By studying this important and unique historical process, we can be more certain that the cultural model of the Great Plains was accomplished by the deep portrayal and deduction of the lower and middle classes day after day. This process is significantly different and significant compared to other regions. Grass-root and non-elite life style and thoughts are the unique nutrients of the Great Plain culture. The prosperity of American culture in the 20th century could not have been realized without the interaction between the herd and other groups. The first part made a detailed analysis of the historical background of the mass production of various groups in the Midwest after the internal war. It shows that the mass expression of cultural characteristics in this area is not accidental, but based on the rise of natural and social conditions. The second part makes a detailed discussion on the living conditions of different groups in the Great Lakes region, respectively, from three aspects: new immigrants, women, teenagers' social relations, working conditions, leisure and entertainment. So as to restore the real life as much as possible, but also to make people fully realize that life in the Midwest is full of hardship and danger. The third part, through the concrete analysis of the ranchers and farmers' daily work in the Great Plain, makes people realize that this model is the most precious heritage left to mankind by herdsmen, but it is also necessary to treat the cattle culture dialectically. Although the pioneering spirit has become the symbol of American national spirit, it should also be treated with the spirit of sublation. In a word, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the living conditions and influence of people in the middle and late 19th century, especially in the central and western regions, and at the same time, to make people understand the real life of the central and western regions, so as to be able to correctly view the culture of the central and western regions and their spirit of This also plays a reference role in reducing the original ecological culture of western China.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K712

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