乌尔第三王朝贡牲中心牛羊管理官员舒马马的档案重建

发布时间：2018-06-15 15:26

本文选题：乌尔第三王朝 + 贡牲中心　；参考：《东北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：乌尔第三王朝第二任国王舒勒吉(ulgi)在其统治的第三十八年建立了一个大型的贡牲中心—普兹瑞什达干司(é Puzrish Dagan),其遗址位于现代伊拉克的德莱海姆(Drehem)。这个贡牲中心是专门管理各地贡献给诸神的牺牲和为王室、官员和士兵提供牲畜作食物的机构。随着乌尔王权日益壮大,各地向国王进贡的牲畜日益增多,王室和各地总督也时常向诸神奉献牺牲;庞大的宫廷、王室以及官员士兵也需要大量的牲畜。而普兹瑞什达干地理位置优越,靠近供奉众神之王恩利勒的尼普尔城和众神之后宁利勒的图马勒庙区,是建立贡牲中心的最佳地点,普兹瑞什达干司应运而生,我们称之为贡牲中心。普兹瑞什达干司在乌尔第三王朝的经济管理体系中占有十分重要地位。这里出土的文献是研究古代两河流域行政管理、农业经济、宗教、外交等各方面历史的重要史料。然而这些文件出土后流散到不同的收藏地并被零散地发表,从而使得国际学术界缺乏对贡牲中心的系统和全面性的了解。东北师范大学的“贡牲中心档案重建工程”(“Drehem Project”)的目标正是重建贡牲中心散失的各个官员的档案并给予基础性的研究,为学术界研究这一时期的政治和经济提供必不可少的具有相当可信度的文献资料。本文即为这一宏大工程的一部分。本文试图重建了贡牲中心官员舒马马(u Mama)的档案。论文重建档案的方法是对舒马马管理贡牲工作的原始文献按时间顺序进行排列、拉丁化及中英文翻译,进而开展基础性的研究。通过对上述档案的重建和分析,我们大致可以得出以下结论:从文献中我们知道舒马马的工作时间从阿马尔辛6年1月到阿马尔辛8年4月,共2年3个月。其工作主要是管理进入贡牲中心的牲畜,并负责牲畜的支出。我们发现从舒勒吉47年到阿马尔辛2年以及阿马尔辛9年3月到伊比辛2年之间的文件也涉及到舒马马,这很可能是和舒马马重名的另外几个人。本为还讨论了舒马马的经济活动,通过对舒马马的工作联系人的分析,我们可以了解到舒马马接管的牲畜主要是来自中心总管阿巴萨旮,自和代替阿马尔辛8年1—4月代替他的卢旮勒阿马尔库或其他人,其他机构从贡牲中心领取牲畜要经过舒马马。文献中关于舒马马的内容虽然只有三年时间,但是对舒马马的研究还是能够了解到一些关于贡牲中心的情况的。
[Abstract]:In the thirty-eighth year of his rule, the second King of the third Ur Dynasty, Schulgig, established a large tributary center, Puzrish Puzrish Dagani, whose site is Drehemin, in modern Iraq. This tribute center is dedicated to the management of sacrifices to the gods and the provision of livestock for the royal family, officials and soldiers. As Wang Quan grew, more livestock were paid to the king, and the royal family and governors often sacrificed to the gods; the monarch, the royal family, and the soldiers of officials also needed a great deal of livestock. The city of Nippur, near Enlire, the king of the gods, and the Temple of Tumal, the temple of Nimar, after the gods, were the best places to set up a tribute center, and Puzzleshkent came into being. We call it the tribute center. Putzrushdagans occupies a very important position in the economic management system of the third Dynasty of Ur. The documents unearthed here are important historical materials for studying the history of administration, agricultural economy, religion, diplomacy and so on in ancient two river basins. However, these documents are scattered to different collections and published in different places, which makes the international academic community lack a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the tributary center. The goal of the "Drehem Project" of Northeast normal University was to reconstruct the files of the officials lost in the center and give them basic research. Provide necessary and reliable literature for academic research on politics and economy of this period. This paper is part of this grand project. This paper attempts to reconstruct the file of Schumamamaru Mamaa, an official of the tribute Center. The method of reconstructing the archives in this paper is to arrange the original documents of Schummar's management of tribute in chronological order, to Latinize and translate them into Chinese and English, and to carry out basic research. Through the reconstruction and analysis of the above files, we can draw the following conclusion: we know from the literature that the working time of Schummar is from January 6 to April 8, a total of 2 years and 3 months. Its main work is to manage the animals entering the tributary center, and responsible for livestock expenditure. We found that the documents from Schulerjee to Amalsin 2 years and Amarsin March 9 to Ibisin 2 years also involved Schummar, which is probably another person to be named with Schummar. We also discussed the economic activities of Shumama, and through the analysis of the working contacts in Shumama, we can see that the livestock taken over by Shumama mainly comes from the central chief of the city, Abasa. From January to April in place of Amalsin in his place of Lukar Amarku or others, other institutions receive livestock from the Veterinary Center through Shumama. Although the content of Schummar in the literature is only three years old, the research on Schummar can still find some information about the tributary center.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K124

【引证文献】