20世纪60年代初英法核外交探析（1960-1962）

发布时间：2018-06-20 07:26

  本文选题：英法核外交 + 英国　； 参考：《南京大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪60年代初期,英国和法国就核合作议题展开了历时三年的外交接触。双方的核外交是在50年代后期兴起的核政治的大背景下进行的,这也决定了双方的核外交从一开始就不仅仅涉及双方在核技术领域的合作问题,还牵涉到北约内部的联盟政治、围绕核议题而展开的国内政治争斗以及核合作的政治回报等诸多复杂问题。在英法就核合作议题展开外交角力的过程中,国内政治因素和大西洋联盟政治因素起着决定性地作用。 本文基于《麦克米伦内阁文件》数据库中有关英法核外交的相关档案,运用历史分析的方法,围绕着英法美三边互动以及外交政策与国内政治的互动这两条线索,力图对60年代初期的英法核外交的具体过程进行比较完整地揭示。 本文由绪论、正文三章和结语组成。第一章是绪论。主要是对国内外相关研究现状进行分析,并对本文的研究思路和不足进行了介绍。 第二章主要是对20世纪60年代初期英法核外交的重要历史背景进行分析。重点分析了核政治对60年代初期英法核外交的重要影响。 第三章可以说是本文的重点。重点对60年代初期英法核外交的具体过程进行较为详细地描述。基于推进英法核外交具体因素的不同,将60年代初的英法核外交分为三个阶段。第一阶段是双方围绕着阶段是英法两国共同推动核外交进程阶段。双方主要围绕着蓝光导弹展开了外交互动。英国希望通过接触能够找寻出改善英法关系的具体途径,同时也希望通过接触来获取解决取消蓝光导弹研制而引发的英国核武独立性不足问题的具体方案；而法国则希望通过核外交以获取英国的核援助,加速法国独立核威慑力量的建设进程。第二阶段是应对美国的多边核力量计划的阶段。英国希望借此推动英美法三国就三边核合作议题达成协议。因为这不仅能有效地抵制美国的多边核力量计划,而且能满足戴高乐在核合作方面的需求；法国则能通过接触来缓解外界对其独立发展核力量的质疑。第三阶段是破解英国加入欧共体僵局阶段。这一阶段也是英法两国就核合作问题展开外交接触最为频繁地阶段。英法美三国围绕着英法核交易展开了复杂的博弈。并对英法核外交的最终结局进行了介绍。 第四章则对60年代初期的英法核外交的失败原因进行了分析。本文认为造成双方接触无果而终的主要原因在于双方对“独立核力量”的不同认知、美国的极力反对以及麦克米伦内阁中反对英法进行核合作的阁员的阻挠。
[Abstract]:In the early 1960 s, Britain and France engaged in three-year diplomatic contacts on nuclear cooperation. The nuclear diplomacy between the two sides was carried out against the background of the nuclear politics that emerged in the late 1950s. This also determines that from the very beginning, the nuclear diplomacy between the two sides involves not only the cooperation in the field of nuclear technology, but also the alliance politics within NATO. Domestic political battles over nuclear issues and the political rewards of nuclear co-operation are complex issues. In the diplomatic struggle between Britain and France on nuclear cooperation, domestic political factors and Atlantic Alliance political factors play a decisive role. Based on the relevant files on British and French nuclear diplomacy in the Macmillan Cabinet document Database, this paper uses the historical analysis method to focus on the two clues of the trilateral interaction between Britain, France and the United States and the interaction between foreign policy and domestic politics. This paper tries to reveal the concrete process of British and French nuclear diplomacy in the early 60's. This paper is composed of introduction, three chapters and conclusion. The first chapter is the introduction. This paper mainly analyzes the current situation of domestic and foreign research, and introduces the research ideas and shortcomings of this paper. The second chapter mainly analyzes the important historical background of British and French nuclear diplomacy in the early 1960s. The important influence of nuclear politics on British and French nuclear diplomacy in the early 1960 s was analyzed. The third chapter can be said to be the focus of this paper. This paper focuses on the detailed description of the process of British and French nuclear diplomacy in the early 60 s. Based on the differences of specific factors in advancing British and French nuclear diplomacy, the British and French nuclear diplomacy in the early 1960s was divided into three stages. The first stage is the phase around which Britain and France jointly promote nuclear diplomacy. The two sides mainly around the blue-ray missile diplomatic interaction. Britain hopes to find a specific way to improve the relationship between Britain and France through contact, and also hope to obtain a specific plan to solve the problem of the lack of independence of British nuclear weapons caused by the cancellation of the development of Blu-ray missiles. France, on the other hand, hopes to gain nuclear aid from Britain through nuclear diplomacy to speed up the construction of its independent nuclear deterrent. The second stage is the response to the United States' multilateral nuclear program. Britain hopes to push Britain and France to reach an agreement on trilateral nuclear cooperation. Not only would it effectively resist the United States' multilateral nuclear program, but it would also meet de Gaulle's need for nuclear cooperation, while France would be able to engage to ease doubts about its independent development. The third stage was to break the deadlock of Britain's entry into the European Community. This phase is also the most frequent phase of diplomatic contacts between Britain and France on nuclear cooperation. Britain, France and the United States have engaged in a complex game around the British and French nuclear deals. The final outcome of British and French nuclear diplomacy is also introduced. The fourth chapter analyzes the failure of British and French nuclear diplomacy in the early 60's. This paper argues that the main reasons for the fruitless contact between the two sides lie in their different perceptions of "independent nuclear forces", the strong opposition of the United States and the obstructions of members of the Macmillan Cabinet who oppose British and French nuclear cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K153

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