罗马共和国中、后期军事后勤体系及特点

发布时间：2018-06-29 22:06

本文选题：重构 + 后勤体系　；参考：《华中师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 公元前3世纪,罗马力量开始崛起于地中海区域,在之后不到200年的时间里,席卷整个地中海区域,为罗马帝国的建立打下了坚实的物质基础。罗马后勤以第一次布匿战争为分界线,在此之前大体以个人为主,几乎没有后勤体系的概念,战争后期,罗马跨过海峡进入西西里和撒丁尼亚等意大利海外地区作战,维持军队的作战能力所需要的组织和能力要求后勤体系的建立,本文主要探讨了罗马在地中海扩张的共和国中、后期的后勤体系,通过一定数据分析重构这样一个体系,并浅析其组织,经济性上的特点。重构后勤体系需要考虑的因素是多方面的,本文首先从对罗马单一军团的基本消耗入手,由此推断单一军团对战争必须物资的需求,然后以此为基础,分析后勤运输的各种方式各自的可能性和经济性,重建储存和运输的体系。其次,军队需要的大量物资的筹集是另一个关键,为了减轻运输的压力和保证军队供应的实时性,建立一套前方、后方相结合的多层次供应系统是必然结果。其三,战争对罗马士兵的损耗。通过对罗马士兵的收入分析,罗马政府通过物质利益原则引诱平民长期为国家提供军事服务,提高军队的专业化程度。这样,通过对筹集,运输,兵力补充多方面的分析,从整体上揭示共和国中、后期罗马军队后勤的体系及其特点。罗马在扩张中发现问题,并逐渐找到满足战争需求的适合自身的后勤方式,首要强调后勤的经济性,通过同盟和被征服地区,转嫁罗马国家所必须负担的战争成本,并选择适宜的调集手段和物资来源,同时兼顾效率,突出国家调集者的身份,宏观组织调运物资,最大限度的利用广阔疆域内的有利因素。同样在士兵方面,将士兵从平民中剥离出来,用有限的资源付出换取战斗力的大幅提升。这样一种经济与效率相交织的后勤理念成就了罗马在大征服开始时候的军事奇迹。
[Abstract]:In the third century BC, Roman forces began to rise in the Mediterranean region, and in less than 200 years later, they swept the whole Mediterranean region, laid a solid material foundation for the establishment of the Roman Empire. Roman logistics took the first Punic War as the dividing line, and before that it was largely personal, with almost no concept of a logistics system. In the latter part of the war, Rome crossed the Strait to fight in Italy's overseas regions, such as Sicily and Sardinia. The organization and capability required to maintain the operational capability of the armed forces require the establishment of a logistics system. This paper mainly discusses the late logistics system of Rome in the expanding republic of the Mediterranean Sea, and reconstructs such a system through certain data analysis. And analyzes its organization, the economical characteristic. There are many factors that need to be considered in reconstructing the logistics system. This paper starts with the basic consumption of the Roman single Army, and then deduces the demand of the war material for the single Legion, and then takes this as the basis. Analyze the possibility and economy of various modes of logistics transportation, and rebuild the system of storage and transportation. In order to reduce the pressure of transportation and ensure the real-time supply of the army, it is inevitable to establish a multi-level supply system which combines the front and rear areas. Third, the war on the loss of Roman soldiers. By analyzing the income of Roman soldiers, the Roman government, through the principle of material benefit, induces civilians to provide military service to the country for a long time, and enhances the specialization of the army. In this way, through the analysis of the collection, transportation and replenishment of troops, the system and characteristics of the logistics of the Roman army in the middle and late period of the Republic are revealed as a whole. Rome discovered problems in its expansion and gradually found its own logistics to meet the needs of the war, emphasizing primarily the economy of logistics, and shifting the cost of war that the Roman state had to bear through alliances and subjugated areas. And choose the appropriate mobilization means and material sources, at the same time take into account the efficiency, highlight the identity of the national mobilizing, macro-organization to transport materials, and maximize the use of a wide range of favorable factors. On the other hand, soldiers were stripped from the civilian population, with limited resources in exchange for significant increases in combat effectiveness. Such a combination of economic and efficiency logistics led to Rome's military miracle at the beginning of the Conquest.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K126

【参考文献】