蒋介石与1945年中苏谈判

发布时间：2018-07-05 00:34

本文选题：蒋介石 + 斯大林　；参考：《安徽大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 1945年7月至8月的中苏莫斯科谈判是在《雅尔塔协定》的背景下举行的，《雅尔塔协定》是美苏双方于第二次世界大战末期，达成的一个有损于中国主权和领土完整的秘密协定。中苏谈判由此启动，其后签署的《中苏友好同盟条约》正是《雅尔塔协定》的延伸和具体化。有关中苏莫斯科谈判，学术界给予了较多的关注。本文试图在前人已有的研究成果基础之上，，围绕中苏谈判中蒋介石所采取的外交策略及其得失作进一步探讨。主要内容如下：首先，着重介绍蒋介石《雅尔塔协定》的认识。协定签署前，蒋介石对苏联参加对日作战及其在东北的利益要求，便有所知悉与警觉。协定签署后，蒋介石通过多种外交途径，探听协定的主要内容，并组织其幕僚研讨相应的对策，主要是期待美国介入到中苏谈判中来，以达到联美抑苏的目的。其次，分析蒋介石在中苏谈判前的外交准备。包括蒋介石对美国、苏联的外交，蒋介石关于中苏谈判基本原则的制定。第三，重点分析了中苏谈判的三个阶段：第一阶段是从6月30日斯大林对宋子文的礼节性会见至7月12日的第6次会谈，谈判的焦点为外蒙古问题和东北问题。第二阶段是谈判的间歇期，从7月13日至8月6日。由于斯大林参加波茨坦会议，中苏谈判暂时中断，在此期间，蒋介石就谈判遗留下的问题继续与苏联大使彼得罗夫商谈，同时请求美国借波茨坦会议之际，影响中苏谈判，给予中国一定的支持。在这一阶段，以原子弹试验成功为起点，美国对中苏谈判转变的态度发生明显转变，并间接影响了下一阶段的谈判。第三阶段是从8月7日谈判恢复至8月14日《中苏友好同盟条约》的签署。最后，本文从总体上评价蒋介石在中苏谈判中所采取的外交策略、蒋介石在中苏谈判中立场的转变和原因，以及蒋介石在中苏谈判中的得与失。
[Abstract]:The Sino-Soviet Moscow negotiations from July to August 1945 were held against the background of the Yalta Agreement, a secret agreement reached between the United States and the Soviet Union at the end of the second World War that was detrimental to China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. The Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between China and the Soviet Union was the extension and embodiment of the Yalta Agreement. The academic circles have paid more attention to the Sino-Soviet Moscow negotiations. This paper attempts to further discuss the diplomatic strategy adopted by Jiang Jieshi in the Sino-Soviet negotiations and its gains and losses on the basis of the previous research results. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the understanding of Jiang Jieshi Yalta Agreement is introduced emphatically. Prior to the signing of the agreement, Jiang Jieshi was aware and vigilant of the Soviet Union's participation in the war against Japan and its interests in the Northeast. After the signing of the agreement, Jiang Jieshi explored the main contents of the agreement through various diplomatic channels, and organized his staff to discuss the corresponding countermeasures, mainly expecting the United States to intervene in the Sino-Soviet negotiations in order to achieve the purpose of United States to suppress the Soviet Union. Secondly, it analyzes the diplomatic preparation of Jiang Jieshi before the Sino-Soviet negotiations. Including Jiang Jieshi to the United States, the Soviet Union diplomacy, Jiang Jieshi on the basic principles of Sino-Soviet negotiations. Thirdly, three stages of Sino-Soviet negotiation are analyzed: the first stage is from Stalin's courtesy meeting on June 30 to the 6th meeting on July 12. The negotiation focuses on the issue of Outer Mongolia and the issue of Northeast China. The second stage is an interlude of negotiations, from July 13 to August 6. Due to Stalin's participation in the Potsdam meeting, the Sino-Soviet talks were temporarily suspended. During this period, Jiang Jieshi continued to discuss with Soviet Ambassador Petrov on the issues left over from the negotiations, and requested the United States to influence the Sino-Soviet talks on the occasion of the Potsdam meeting. To give certain support to China. At this stage, with the success of the atomic bomb test as the starting point, the attitude of the United States towards the change of Sino-Soviet negotiations took place obviously, and indirectly affected the next stage of the negotiations. The third stage was the resumption of negotiations on August 7 to the signing of the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between China and the Soviet Union on August 14 th. Finally, this paper evaluates the diplomatic strategy adopted by Jiang Jieshi in the Sino-Soviet negotiations, the changes and reasons of Jiang Jieshi's position in the Sino-Soviet negotiations, and the gains and losses of Jiang Jieshi in the Sino-Soviet negotiations.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K152

【参考文献】