浅析艾森豪威尔政府对埃及的援助政策

发布时间：2018-07-06 16:16

本文选题：艾森豪威尔政府 + 援助　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：艾森豪威尔政府出于对抗苏联的需要,以援助作为政治手段拉拢埃及,并试图将其纳入西方的全球安全体系中。而埃及革命后上台执政的自由军官政府,初期鉴于巩固统治和获取援助以发展经济等各个层面的考虑,乐意接受美国的援助,但又在政治上不愿做过多让步,使得在援助过程中美埃矛盾重重,艾森豪威尔政府初期的援助人道主义的因素较于后期强烈,后期政治方面的因素占据主导地位,终导致美埃关系破裂。国内学术界对艾森豪威尔时期对埃及的援助政策涉及的比较少。本文试图从国际关系角度,充分利用美国官方的原始材料,就艾森豪威尔政府对埃及援助政策的考虑、过程、特点、影响以及限制因素方面进行全面深入的分析研究,从侧面对美埃外交关系进行探讨,进而揭示出冷战期间美国对第三世界援助的本质因素。本文前言部分系统地阐述了研究意义、国内外的研究现状以及本文所采取的研究方法、存在问题等,第一至第五部分详细论述了艾森豪威尔政府对埃及援助政策的考虑、过程、特点、影响以及限制因素。艾森豪威尔上台伊始,就对杜鲁门政府时期的援助政策做了些微的调整。提出了自己的国家安全战略——大规模报复战略,在国家联盟方面提出了国家集体安全,在全球范围内遏制苏联社会主义集团的扩张战略。试图在中东构建军事防御集团,而作为中东政治领头羊的埃及无疑是其全球战略中极其重要的一环。因此艾森豪威尔政府试图以援助为手段引诱埃及在政治上的让步。由于艾森豪威尔政府对埃及的援助主要是为其全球冷战战略和地缘战略服务的,对埃及缺乏整体性和系统性的考虑,因此没有能够制定出比较完整的援助政策。结果造成美国对埃及的援助过程非常曲折,美国援助过程中的临时性、反复性和不确定性时隐时现,严重影响美埃关系的发展。另外本文也深入分析了影响艾森豪威尔政府对埃及援助的因素,从三个方面进行考虑,苏联因素、以色列因素和利益因素都在其中扮演着重要的作用本文通过对艾森豪威尔政府时期埃及援助政策深入而细致的分析,认识到其在遏制苏联总的目标指导下,从而根据冷战形势的发展需要调整对埃及的援助政策,从而弄清楚该时期美国和埃及之间的援助情况和外交关系的演变状况。
[Abstract]:The Eisenhower administration needed aid as a political means to win over Egypt and try to integrate it into the West's global security system. And the liberal military officer government that came to power after the Egyptian revolution was willing to accept American aid in the early days, given the considerations of consolidating rule and getting aid to develop the economy, but was not willing to make too much political concessions. As a result, the Eisenhower administration in the initial period of aid humanitarian factors than the latter strong, the latter political factors occupied the dominant position, eventually leading to the breakdown of relations between the United States and Egypt. The domestic academic circles to the Eisenhower period aid policy to Egypt is less involved. From the angle of international relations, this paper attempts to make full use of the original materials of the United States official to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth analysis and study on the Eisenhower Administration's consideration, process, characteristics, influence and restrictive factors of the Egyptian aid policy. This paper probes into the diplomatic relations between the United States and Egypt and reveals the essential factors of American aid to the third world during the Cold War. The foreword of this paper systematically expounds the significance of the research, the current research situation at home and abroad, the research methods adopted in this paper, the existing problems and so on. The first to fifth parts discuss in detail the Eisenhower Administration's consideration and process of the Egyptian aid policy. Characteristics, influences and constraints. When Eisenhower came to power, he made some minor adjustments to the aid policy during the Truman administration. This paper puts forward its own national security strategy, the strategy of large-scale retaliation, the national collective security in the national alliance, and the strategy of curbing the expansion of the Soviet Union's socialist group in the global scope. Trying to build a military defense bloc in the Middle East, Egypt, the political leader of the Middle East, is undoubtedly an extremely important part of its global strategy. So the Eisenhower administration tried to seduce Egypt's political concessions with aid. Because the aid of Eisenhower government to Egypt is mainly for its global cold war strategy and geo-strategy, and lacks of holistic and systematic consideration to Egypt, it is unable to formulate a relatively complete aid policy. As a result, the process of American aid to Egypt is very tortuous, and the temporary, repetition and uncertainty in the process of American aid loom, which seriously affects the development of US-Egypt relations. In addition, this paper also deeply analyzes the factors that affect the Eisenhower government's aid to Egypt, considering the Soviet factors from three aspects. Israeli factors and interest factors both play an important role in it. Through an in-depth and detailed analysis of Egypt's aid policy during the Eisenhower Administration, this paper recognizes that it is guided by the overall goal of containing the Soviet Union. According to the development of the cold war situation, the aid policy to Egypt should be adjusted, and the situation of aid and the evolution of diplomatic relations between the United States and Egypt in that period could be clarified.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K153

【引证文献】