二战后美国犹太人政治参与状况的研究
发布时间：2018-08-04 15:30
【摘要】：美国犹太人是美国最为成功，最具影响力的少数族裔之一。作为美国少数族裔的典范，在政治领域，他们更是取得了其他少数族裔无法比拟的巨大成就。美国犹太人参与政治有着十分悠久的历史，但是直到第二次世界大战以后，美国犹太人才开始了大规模且组织良好的参政。他们充分利用美国自由、民主的政治氛围，不断完善、成熟自身的参政方式和机制，并在美国的内政、外交尤其是美国的中东政策上发挥着强大的影响力。美国犹太人的积极参政，充分维护了其自身的权益，，更好地融入了美国社会，同时也有益于树立犹太民族在世界范围的影响力和地位。 本文在对大量数据以及相关历史、政治事件进行分析研究的基础上，详细地论述了二战后美国犹太人在其积极参政中所表现出的保护犹太族裔利益的行为和特点，旨在揭示二战后美国犹太人政治参与的根本目的是为了维护和巩固犹太族裔的自身利益。本文首先在第一章分析了影响犹太人在二战后积极参与政治的内外因素，指出历史上犹太人的大流散尤其是二战时期遭受的灭族危机迫使他们必须团结起来掌握自己的命运，而二战后犹太人社会经济地位的提高和美国相对宽松自由的参政环境为他们提供了坚实的物质基础和良好的参政平台。第二章深入论述了美国犹太人在二战后为犹太族裔争取权益的四个主要参政方式：组织犹太利益集团进行院外游说影响美国政府内外政策；充分利用手中的选票支持亲犹、亲以的政客；积极投身于二战后美国国内力争公义平等的社会运动；以及通过竞选政府公职直接参与政府决策。在此基础上，第三章进一步提出了美国犹太人在二战后为本民族谋利的政治参与行为所具备的三大特点，即相比其他少数族裔体现出的强烈积极性，犹太人的自由主义倾向以及对全世界犹太人精神家园——以色列的坚定支持。 本文以二战结束至20世纪90年代末这一时间段作为研究跨度，对美国犹太人积极参政原因和方式的研究，有助于理解美国犹太人在政治事件上的立场和态度。同时，也有助于其他少数族裔取长补短，特别是为华裔美国人参政作为借鉴。
[Abstract]:American Jews are one of the most successful and influential minorities in the United States. As an example of American minorities, in the political field, they have achieved more than any other minority. American Jews had a long history of participating in politics, but it was not until after the second World War that American Jews began to participate in politics on a large scale and in a well-organized way. They make full use of American freedom, democratic political atmosphere, constantly perfect, mature their own political participation methods and mechanisms, and play a strong role in American internal and foreign affairs, especially in American Middle East policy. The active participation of American Jews in politics fully safeguarded their own rights and interests, better integrated into American society, and also helped to establish the influence and status of the Jewish nation in the world. Based on the analysis of a large number of data and related historical and political events, this paper discusses in detail the behavior and characteristics of American Jews in their active participation in politics after the second World War. The purpose of the political participation of American Jews after World War II is to protect and consolidate their own interests. In the first chapter, this paper analyzes the internal and external factors that influence the Jews' active participation in politics after World War II, and points out that the great diaspora of Jews in history, especially the extermination crisis in the period of World War II, forces them to unite to take charge of their own destiny. After World War II, the improvement of the social and economic status of Jews and the relatively loose and free political environment of the United States provided them with a solid material foundation and a good platform for political participation. The second chapter discusses the four main ways for American Jews to fight for the rights of Jewish people after World War II: organizing Jewish interest groups to lobby outside the courts to influence the internal and external policies of the US government; fully using the votes in their hands to support pro-Semitism. Pro-Israeli politicians; actively engaged in the post-World War II social movement for justice and equality in the United States; and directly participated in government decisions by running for office. On this basis, the third chapter further points out the three characteristics of American Jews' political participation for the benefit of their own people after the second World War, that is, compared with other ethnic minorities, they are strongly motivated. Jewish liberalism and strong support for Israel, the world's Jewish spiritual homeland. This paper takes the period from the end of World War II to the end of 1990s as the research span, and studies the reasons and methods of American Jews' active participation in politics, which is helpful to understand the position and attitude of American Jews on political affairs. It also helps other minorities learn from each other, especially for Chinese Americans.
【学位授予单位】：四川外语学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K712.54
本文编号：2164318
[Abstract]:American Jews are one of the most successful and influential minorities in the United States. As an example of American minorities, in the political field, they have achieved more than any other minority. American Jews had a long history of participating in politics, but it was not until after the second World War that American Jews began to participate in politics on a large scale and in a well-organized way. They make full use of American freedom, democratic political atmosphere, constantly perfect, mature their own political participation methods and mechanisms, and play a strong role in American internal and foreign affairs, especially in American Middle East policy. The active participation of American Jews in politics fully safeguarded their own rights and interests, better integrated into American society, and also helped to establish the influence and status of the Jewish nation in the world. Based on the analysis of a large number of data and related historical and political events, this paper discusses in detail the behavior and characteristics of American Jews in their active participation in politics after the second World War. The purpose of the political participation of American Jews after World War II is to protect and consolidate their own interests. In the first chapter, this paper analyzes the internal and external factors that influence the Jews' active participation in politics after World War II, and points out that the great diaspora of Jews in history, especially the extermination crisis in the period of World War II, forces them to unite to take charge of their own destiny. After World War II, the improvement of the social and economic status of Jews and the relatively loose and free political environment of the United States provided them with a solid material foundation and a good platform for political participation. The second chapter discusses the four main ways for American Jews to fight for the rights of Jewish people after World War II: organizing Jewish interest groups to lobby outside the courts to influence the internal and external policies of the US government; fully using the votes in their hands to support pro-Semitism. Pro-Israeli politicians; actively engaged in the post-World War II social movement for justice and equality in the United States; and directly participated in government decisions by running for office. On this basis, the third chapter further points out the three characteristics of American Jews' political participation for the benefit of their own people after the second World War, that is, compared with other ethnic minorities, they are strongly motivated. Jewish liberalism and strong support for Israel, the world's Jewish spiritual homeland. This paper takes the period from the end of World War II to the end of 1990s as the research span, and studies the reasons and methods of American Jews' active participation in politics, which is helpful to understand the position and attitude of American Jews on political affairs. It also helps other minorities learn from each other, especially for Chinese Americans.
【学位授予单位】：四川外语学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K712.54
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 任月芳;美国犹太族裔的政治参与概况及其文化根源探究[D];北京林业大学;2013年
本文编号：2164318
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