论阿蒙霍特普三世时期古代埃及发展的变化

发布时间：2018-08-09 09:59

【摘要】：新王国是古代埃及历史上最辉煌的时期。凭借十八王朝初期法老们的励精图治和长时间的对外扩张,埃及获得了前所未有的财富,成为地跨亚非两大洲的帝国。新王国十八王朝的第九位法老——阿蒙霍特普三世正是在这样的社会背景之下登上了王位。在他统治时期,古代埃及社会呈现出诸多变化:在国家主神方面,抑制阿蒙崇拜,大力推行阿吞崇拜;在对外政策上,一改以往的武力征服,大力推行和平外交;在文化艺术上,埃及的传统观念受到挑战,自然主义、写实主义的艺术风格大行其道。这些变化成为阿蒙霍特普三世统治时期的显著特征,而这种变化在其继任者阿蒙霍特普四世统治时期继续发展,进一步发展成为阿玛尔纳时代的基本特征。可以说,种种阿玛尔纳迹象在阿蒙霍特普三世时期已经显露出来,阿蒙霍特普三世时期的这些变化,预示着一个新时代——阿玛尔纳时代即将来临。从这个意义上说,阿蒙霍特普三世统治时期是古代埃及历史上的一个转型时期。本文立足古代埃及社会转型的视角,以分析阿蒙霍特普三世统治时期的种种变化为切入点,着重分析这种变化及变化的原因,有助于加深对这个转型时期的了解,有助于认识这个时期与阿玛尔纳时代的密切联系。本文共分五个部分:第一部分是引言,主要介绍了阿蒙霍特普三世统治时期的相关史实、历史地位和国内外研究现状,并从总体上介绍本文的研究内容、研究意义等。第二部分论述阿蒙霍特普三世时期埃及宗教形势的变化,即阿蒙神势力壮大的同时阿吞神势力逐渐崛起,并分析发生这种变化的原因。第三部分论述阿蒙霍特普三世时期埃及对外政策的变化,即从武力征服转向与邻国的和平交往,并分析发生这种变化的原因。第四部分论述阿蒙霍特普三世时期埃及艺术风格的变化,即传统艺术风格受到了挑战,自然主义和写实主义艺术风格广为流行,并分析发生这种变化的原因。第五部分是结语,综合前文宗教形势、对外政策、艺术风格三方面的论述,得出结论——阿蒙霍特普三世时期是阿玛尔纳时代的序幕。
[Abstract]:The New Kingdom was the most glorious period in the history of ancient Egypt. Thanks to the Pharaohs of the early 18th Dynasty and their prolonged expansion, Egypt gained unprecedented wealth and became an empire spanning Africa and Africa. It was against this social background that the ninth pharaoh-Amenhotep III of the Eighteenth Dynasty of the New Kingdom ascended the throne. During his reign, the ancient Egyptian society showed many changes: restraining the worship of Armon and vigorously promoting the worship of Aton in the aspect of national god, changing the former conquest of force and vigorously promoting peaceful diplomacy in foreign policy; In culture and art, Egypt's traditional ideas are challenged, naturalism, realism art style is popular. These changes became a significant feature of the reign of Amenhotep III, which continued to develop during the reign of his successor, Amenhotep IV, and further developed into a basic feature of the Amalna era. It can be said that all kinds of Amalna signs have been revealed in the period of Amenhotep III, and these changes in Amenhotep III herald the coming of a new era-the Amalna era. In this sense, the reign of Amenhotep III was a transitional period in the history of ancient Egypt. Based on the perspective of social transformation in ancient Egypt, this paper analyzes the changes during the reign of Amenhotep III, and focuses on the analysis of this change and its causes, which will help to deepen the understanding of this transitional period. It helps to understand the close connection between this period and the Amarna era. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the historical facts, historical status and domestic and foreign research status of the period of Amenhotep's third reign, and generally introduces the research content and significance of this paper. The second part discusses the change of Egypt's religious situation during the period of Amenhotep III, that is, the Amenon's power grows and the Aton's power rises gradually, and analyzes the reasons for this change. The third part discusses the change of Egypt's foreign policy during the period of Amenhotep III, that is, from the conquest of force to the peaceful communication with neighboring countries, and analyzes the reasons for this change. The fourth part discusses the change of Egyptian artistic style during Amenhotep III, that is, the traditional art style is challenged, naturalism and realism art style are popular, and the reason for this change is analyzed. The fifth part is the conclusion, which synthesizes the religious situation, foreign policy and artistic style, and draws the conclusion that Amenhotep III period is the prelude of Amarna era.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K411.21

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