19世纪末20世纪初英国的亚美尼亚政策研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 18:04

【摘要】：亚美尼亚问题是近代历史上“东方问题”的重要组成部分,亚美尼亚地区是英国对中亚战略的一个重要环节。英国对亚美尼亚地区的政策,客观上影响了亚美尼亚问题的发展和进程。为了自身的霸权利益,英国同俄国在这一地区展开了激烈的较量。第二次俄土战争后,亚美尼亚问题开始国际化。“东方问题”是19世纪上半期欧洲国际关系中最重要的主题之一,对于这一时期英国与俄国在中亚地区的争霸,一直是学术界探索的重要问题。研究英国对亚美尼亚的政策,有助于加深这一时期英国对中亚政策的理解；对于我们理解亚美尼亚问题的发展过程以及最终酿成大屠杀的原因有更全面的认识。研究这一课题对于我们探索这一时期的国际关系有重大作用。近年来,亚美尼亚屠杀重新引起世人的关注。所以我们有必要系统全面地了解亚美尼亚问题,并把这个问题放到当时的时代背景下去研究。而19世纪末20世纪初英国的亚美尼亚政策与近东政策,正处于整个亚美尼亚历史发展的关键时期,对亚美尼亚问题的走势起到了至关重要的作用。因此,系统研究这一时期的英国对亚美尼亚政策,其现实意义与学术价值毋庸置疑。笔者虽然能力有限,但想尝试对这一方面进行初探,弥补国内学术界在这方面的不足。论文共分为三部分,前言、正文和结语。前言部分为文章的开篇部分,由三部分组成,系统地介绍了文章选题的意义,梳理了课题相关研究的现状,并对文章的研究方法与创新进行了阐述。正文部分为论文的主体部分,共分为三大部分,第一部分是从国内、国际和地缘政治方面分析奥斯曼帝国衰落和东方问题的产生,以及英国对亚美尼亚政策的缘起。第二部分介绍了亚美尼亚问题国际化的进程以及英国对亚美尼亚政策的发展,突出介绍了在亚美尼亚问题上,以英国为首的西方大国之间利益的冲突和错综复杂的矛盾。第三部分介绍了在内忧外患的情况下,奥斯曼帝国的权力更迭,以及亚美尼亚屠杀的具体情况与深层次原因。第四部分介绍了一战之后的英国对亚美尼亚的利用与策略,以及亚美尼亚共和国最终的归宿。结语部分为论文的收尾部分,承接上述两部分的分析,得出了结论：亚美尼亚问题是西方列强在近东争霸的一个缩影。列强卷入了亚美尼亚问题,同时,也左右了亚美尼亚问题的发展和走势。英国对亚美尼亚问题影响很大,从亚美尼亚问题出现,到20世纪20年代亚美尼亚共和国加入苏联,英国有持续的亚美尼亚政策,并且不断变化着。这种变化与英国的国家利益、当时的国际形势以及英国的国力变化息息相关。对于亚美尼亚问题的走势有着深刻影响。英国的亚美尼亚政策,是英国近东政策的一个重要方面,是研究从19世纪中期到20世纪20年代英国对外政策的一个很好的切入点。随着近些年来,土耳其加入欧盟受阻,土耳其人拒绝承认亚美尼亚屠杀是一个重要原因。亚美尼亚问题被人重新提起。亚美尼亚问题的研究有着重大的现实意义。亚美尼亚屠杀是亚美尼亚问题恶化的后果,屠杀的形成和当时的历史背景有着深刻的关系,和西方国家,尤其是英。德、俄在这一地区的利益冲突有密切关系。因此,深入分析亚美尼亚问题有助于我们了解与解决现实问题。
[Abstract]:The Armenian question is an important part of the "Oriental question" in modern history, and the Armenian region is an important part of Britain's strategy towards Central Asia. Britain's policy towards the Armenian region has objectively affected the development and progress of the Armenian question. After the Second Russian-Turkish War, the Armenian question began to internationalize. The "Oriental question" was one of the most important themes in European international relations in the first half of the nineteenth century. It helps to deepen Britain's understanding of the Central Asian policy during this period, and to have a more comprehensive understanding of the development of the Armenian problem and the causes leading to the Holocaust. Note. Therefore, it is necessary for us to have a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the Armenian issue and to put it into the context of the times at that time. Therefore, it is undoubtedly of practical significance and academic value to systematically study the British policy towards Armenia in this period. Although I have limited ability, I would like to try to explore this aspect to make up for the shortcomings of the domestic academic circles in this respect.
The thesis is divided into three parts: preface, main body and conclusion.
The preface is the opening part of the article, which consists of three parts. It systematically introduces the significance of the topic selection, combs the current situation of the related research, and expounds the research methods and innovations of the article.
The main body of the thesis is divided into three parts. The first part analyzes the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the emergence of the East China issue from the domestic, international and geopolitical aspects, and the origin of Britain's policy toward Armenia. The second part introduces the internationalization process of the Armenian issue and Britain's policy toward Armenia. The third part introduces the power change of the Ottoman Empire and the specific situation and deep-seated reasons of the Armenian massacre under the circumstances of internal and external troubles. The fourth part introduces the post-World War I situation. The use and strategy of Britain to Armenia and the final destination of the Republic of Armenia.
The conclusion is that the Armenian issue is a microcosm of the struggle of the Western powers in the Near East. The great powers are involved in the Armenian issue, and at the same time, it also influences the development and trend of the Armenian issue. By the 1920s, when the Republic of Armenia joined the Soviet Union, Britain had a continuing and changing Armenian policy. This change was closely related to Britain's national interests, the international situation at that time and the changes in Britain's national strength. It had a profound impact on the trend of the Armenian issue. Britain's Armenian policy As Turkey's accession to the EU has been blocked in recent years, Turks have refused to acknowledge the Armenian massacre as an important cause. The question of Armenia has been raised again. The Armenian massacre is the result of the deterioration of the Armenian problem. The formation of the massacre is closely related to the historical background of the time. It is closely related to the conflicts of interest between the western countries, especially Britain, Germany and Russia in this region. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the Armenian issue will help us understand and understand the situation. Solve realistic problems.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K142

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