日本投降与国民政府的反应和对策

发布时间：2018-09-01 13:06

【摘要】：1945年8月15日，日本宣布投降，抗日战争胜利结束。世界反法西斯战争落下帷幕。德国遭受了来自国际社会的法律惩处，先是被分区占领，随后又经历了半个世纪的分裂；同是战败国的日本却有着不同的命运。抗战胜利前后，在1944年至1946年，中国的南京国民政府酝酿并且实施了对日本的宽大政策，比如：主张日本政体由本国人民决定；迅速遣返日本战俘和侨民；中国不参加对日军事占领等。究其原委，是多种因素作用的结果。 国民政府为了维护一党专政，独享抗战胜利的成果，采取各种策略抵制“联合政府”；同时，中日关系还受制于美国的外交政策。为了实现全球霸权，美国不断调整战略部署。从二战后期起，美国既援助国民政府抗日，又对中国国民党的腐败反感备至，为此和其他抗日民主力量加强了联系。由于中美关系微妙复杂、前途未卜，蒋介石的对日政策必须以美国的态度为前提。 本文以1944年至1946年的中日关系为核心，从以下三个角度进行阐述：（一）日本战败前国民政府对日政策的酝酿；（二）日本如何实现“有条件投降”；（三）抗战胜利后蒋介石对日宽大政策的实施。论文涉及到中日关系史上诸多重要问题在这一时期的具体表现，比如：日本天皇制的保留、中国的对日索赔以及放弃对日军事占领等。 本文充分利用了东北师范大学图书馆和长春市图书馆的资料，尽我所能搜集到一定数量的海峡对岸的研究成果，力求把政治学与历史学的研究结合起来，对这一时期的中日关系进行梳理。
[Abstract]:On August 15, 1945, Japan declared surrender and the War of Resistance against Japan ended victoriously. The world anti-fascist war ended. Germany was punished by law from the international community, first occupied by subdivisions, then divided for half a century; Japan, as a defeated country, had a different fate. Before and after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, from 1944 to 1946, the Nanjing National Government of China conceived and implemented a lenient policy towards Japan, such as advocating that the Japanese regime should be decided by its own people, that the Japanese prisoners of war and expatriates should be repatriated rapidly; China does not participate in the military occupation of Japan and so on. Investigate its original, is the result of the action of a variety of factors. In order to safeguard the one-party dictatorship and enjoy the fruits of the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the National Government adopted various strategies to resist the "coalition government", and at the same time, Sino-Japanese relations were also subject to the foreign policy of the United States. In order to achieve global hegemony, the United States constantly adjusted its strategic deployment. Since the end of World War II, the United States has not only assisted the National Government in resisting Japan, but also has been averse to the corruption of the Kuomintang, thus strengthening its ties with other anti-Japanese democratic forces. Because of the delicate and complicated relations between China and the United States, Jiang Jieshi's policy towards Japan must be premised on the attitude of the United States. Based on the Sino-Japanese relations from 1944 to 1946, this paper expounds from the following three angles: (1) the brewing of the Japanese government's policy toward Japan before the defeat, (2) how Japan realizes "conditional surrender"; (3) the implementation of Jiang Jieshi's leniency policy against Japan after the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. This paper deals with the specific performance of many important issues in the history of Sino-Japanese relations during this period, such as the retention of the imperial system of Japan, China's claim against Japan and the abandonment of military occupation of Japan. This paper makes full use of the materials of Northeast normal University Library and Changchun City Library, and tries my best to collect a certain number of research results across the Strait, and tries to combine the research of politics and history. This period of Sino-Japanese relations are combed.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K153;D693

【参考文献】

中国期刊全文数据库 前1条

1 王骅书;吴建新;;战后中国战场受降问题探析[J];盐城师专学报(哲学社会科学版);1992年02期

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本文编号：2217288