中世纪晚期公会议主义运动兴起及其实践探究

发布时间：2018-09-04 17:28

【摘要】：本文主要以中世纪晚期1409年比萨会议、1414-1418年康斯坦茨会议和1431-1449年的巴塞尔会议为研究对象,这三大会议在公会议主义指导下围绕着结束教会大分裂、根除异端和改革教会三大中心任务发展为一场公会议主义运动,对这场公会议主义运动进行系统梳理。本文主要由绪论、正文和结语三部分构成：绪论部分主要界定本文的研究范围,在梳理国内外研究现状的基础上,指出本文的写作价值。正文主要包括四个部分：第一部分主要探讨公会议主义运动兴起的沃壤。主要从14世纪中晚期的教会危机和公会议主义思想来源西个方面来分析。第二部分主要讲公会议主义运动前夜的公会议思想及其在比萨会议上的初试啼声。笔者分析了从13世纪公会议思想的出现到14世纪公会议主义的萌芽,冉到大分裂公会议作为现实可行途径提上具体议程,至1409年的比萨会议召开强调了对于异端教皇的处理须经由公会议的理念。第三部分即公会议主义运动的高潮阶段：1414-1418年的康斯坦茨会议。在这一阶段公会议运动的主导指导思想是皮埃尔·戴依、札巴列拉和热尔松等的思想。在他们的努力推动及世俗君主国的配合下,康斯坦茨会议结束了分裂、处罚了异端,颁布了《勤政教谕》,公会议主义得到了一定程度的实践。但并没有建立起一个固定程序来处理教皇和公会议之间可能出现的矛盾。第四部分公会议主义运动至巴塞尔会议(1431-1449)达到鼎盛并逐渐走向衰败。在此,笔者主要关注巴塞尔公会议派主将库萨的尼古拉的以“和谐”、“同意”为核心的思想指导下教会改革取得的成果,对康斯坦茨会议及其指导思想的进步性。这触动了教皇的地位,教皇通过分裂公会议并施用各种外交技巧瓦解了会议。尼古拉等公会议派也转向了教皇派,公会议主义运动消弭下去。在对各阶段公会议运动和及其指导思想的实践情况进行系统梳理的基础上,笔者对其进行简单的总结分析,并试图对其做出客观公允的评价。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the Constance Conference of 1414-1418 and the Basel Conference of 1431-1449 in the late Middle Ages. Under the guidance of the Congregationalism, these three conferences revolve around ending the great division of the church. The three central tasks of eradicating heresy and reforming the church developed into a public meeting movement. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion: the introduction mainly defines the scope of this study, and points out the writing value of this paper on the basis of combing the current research situation at home and abroad. The main body consists of four parts: the first part mainly discusses the rise of public meeting movement. Mainly from the 14 th century church crisis and the western sources of Congregationism to analyze. The second part mainly talks about the thought of the public meeting on the eve of the public meeting movement and its initial singing at the conference of Pisa. The author analyzes the concrete agenda from the emergence of the idea of the public meeting in the 13th century to the germination of the doctrine of the public meeting in the 14th century. The Pisa Conference in 1409 emphasized the idea that heresy popes must be dealt with through public meetings. The third part is the Constance Conference of 1414-1418. The leading ideas of the Congress movement at this stage were the ideas of Pierre Dey, Zabalera and Gersson. With their efforts and the cooperation of secular monarchies, Constance ended the division, punished heresy, promulgated the oracle of diligence, and put the doctrine of public meeting into practice to a certain extent. But there is no fixed procedure for dealing with possible conflicts between the pope and the Commons. The fourth part of the Congress movement to the Basel Conference (1431-1449) reached its peak and gradually decline. Here, the author mainly pays attention to the achievement of church reform under the guidance of "harmony" and "consent", and the progress of Constance Conference and its guiding ideology. This touched the position of the pope, who broke up the Council by splitting it and using diplomatic techniques. Nikolay and others turned to the pope, and the concourse movement went on. On the basis of systematically combing the practice of the public meeting movement and its guiding ideology in various stages, the author makes a brief summary and analysis of it and tries to make an objective and fair evaluation of it.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K503

【共引文献】