从《大唐西域记》中走出的“龙”—中印文化传统中龙形象的比较研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 07:49

【摘要】：《大唐西域记》是记载印度佛教史的重要文献,对于今人研究印度古代历史具有重大意义。《大唐西域记》中着力刻画了一种特殊形象——龙形象,对比书中提及的印度佛教龙形象与我国古代龙,两者之间有着密切的相互融合及影响。《大唐西域记》中的龙形象,或性格暴虐,残害百姓,地位低下,或虔诚守护如来,为百姓请雨祈晴。印度佛教龙具有大神力,极具人格化特征,六道轮回之中属于畜道,并与蛇有着深切的渊源关系。中国龙在国人心目中历来神秘而尊贵,龙形象在中国具有其他国家和民族无可比拟的特殊含义。在分析探讨龙的产生和起源、种类、内涵的过程中,我们发现龙形象已深深融入中华民族的传统文化之中。中国龙与印度佛教龙既有着相互差异,又相互影响。其差异主要体现在巨大的地位差异、龙的神力差异、龙王的含义迥异、龙的崇拜差异等方面；印度佛教龙对中国龙的影响主要体现在龙的人格化、龙王拥有大量财产、龙分善恶、龙的精神内化等方面,并对我国儒教和道教的不断发展产生影响。几千年来,龙形象的尊贵地位及作用得以进一步巩固,龙崇拜的观念及意识也已深深植根于国人心中。
[Abstract]:The Records of the Western regions of the Great Tang Dynasty is an important document recording the history of Indian Buddhism, which is of great significance to the study of the ancient history of India. The image of the Indian Buddhist dragon mentioned in the book is closely related to the ancient dragon of China. The dragon image in the Book of the Western regions of the Great Tang Dynasty, or the oppressive character, mutilation of the people, low status, or devout guarding Tathagata, is closely related to the image of the Indian Buddhist dragon and the ancient dragon of our country. Pray for the rain for the people. The Indian Buddhist dragon is of great power and personification. Among the six transmigration, it belongs to the animal way and has a deep relationship with the snake. Chinese dragon has always been mysterious and noble in the eyes of Chinese people, the dragon image in China has the unparalleled special meaning of other countries and nations. In the process of analyzing the origin, species and connotation of the dragon, we find that the image of the dragon has been deeply integrated into the traditional culture of the Chinese nation. The Chinese dragon and the Indian Buddhist dragon are not only different from each other, but also influence each other. The differences are mainly reflected in the great difference in status, the difference in the power of the dragon, the difference in the meaning of the dragon king, the difference in the worship of the dragon, and so on; the influence of the Indian Buddhist dragon on the Chinese dragon is mainly reflected in the personification of the dragon, and the dragon king has a great deal of property. Dragon is divided into good and evil, the spirit of dragon internalization, and has an impact on the continuous development of Confucianism and Taoism in China. For thousands of years, the noble status and function of dragon image have been further consolidated, and the concept and consciousness of dragon worship have been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K103

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