杜鲁门和艾森豪威尔时期的美国印度支那政策考述

发布时间：2018-10-10 14:46

【摘要】： 越南战争是冷战大背景下的一场热战。这场战争持续时间之长、影响之深在美国历史上实属罕见。对于美国卷入战争的动因以及相关政策,国内外学者仁者见仁,智者见智,取得了大量的学术成果。本文遵循唯物史观,运用历史学、国际关系理论相结合的研究方法,综合考察杜鲁门与艾森豪威尔总统时期的印度支那政策,分析各个时期出台政策的背景和现实执行情况。论证这种政策是美国在冷战思维下形成的,也是美国与共产主义的斗争的现实取向。本文共分为三部分:绪论部分、正文部分、结论部分。绪论部分主要介绍国内外美国印度支那政策的研究现状,叙述自己选题的理由。正文分成四部分:历史回顾——战时印度支那政策构想(1940—1945);杜鲁门政府早期“沉默”政策(1945.5—1949);杜鲁门政府后期“有限介入”政策(1950—1953);艾森豪威尔政府“新面貌”政策(1953—1960)。结论部分通过对杜鲁门政府与艾森豪威尔政府时期的美国印度支那政策的分析,总结出美国的政策制定是受冷战思维的影响,在与共产主义的斗争中强调非此即彼;在进行军事干预时注重联盟,以求增强自己在斗争中的正义性,得到国内人民的支持;在第三世界国家为代理人提供援助;力求在于共产主义的斗争中形成双方都能遵守的规则。
[Abstract]:The Vietnam War was a hot war against the background of the Cold War. The length of the war and the depth of its impact are rare in American history. As for the causes and policies of American involvement in war, scholars at home and abroad have made a great deal of academic achievements. Following the historical materialism and applying the research method of combining history and international relations theory, this paper comprehensively investigates the Indochina policy of President Truman and Eisenhower, and analyzes the background and actual implementation of the policy in each period. It is also the realistic orientation of the struggle between the United States and communism to prove that this policy was formed under the Cold War mentality of the United States. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces the research status of Indochina policy at home and abroad and the reasons for choosing this topic. The text is divided into four parts: historical Review-Conception of Indochina Policy during wartime (1940-1945); early "Silence" Policy of Truman Government (1945.5-1949); late Truman Government "Limited intervention" Policy (1950-1953); Eisenhower Administration "New" Face "Policy (1953-1960). Through the analysis of the policy of Indochina in the period of Truman and Eisenhower's administration, the conclusion concludes that the policy making of the United States is influenced by the Cold War thought, and emphasizes either one or the other in the struggle against communism. To focus on alliances in military intervention in order to enhance their justice in the struggle, to gain the support of the domestic people, to provide assistance to agents in the third world countries; Strive to form rules that can be observed by both sides in the struggle for communism.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K712.5

【相似文献】