进步主义运动时期美国纺织工厂童工生存状况研究
发布时间：2018-10-15 14:25
【摘要】：进步主义运动时期,随着美国工业化的迅速发展,美国的工厂童工制又一次的兴盛起来。尤其是纺织工厂雇佣童工的现象最为普遍、最为严重。因此本文对进步主义运动时期美国纺织工厂童工的生存状况作了深入的了解,经分析发现进步主义运动时期美国纺织工厂雇佣童工的违法现象相当严重,而且纺织工厂童工在家庭生活、工厂工作以及学校教育等方面都遭受着巨大的压力和无情的摧残。随着社会进步运动的不断展开,人们逐渐认识到了童工的危害性,因此政府和社会各界展开了一系列的童工救助活动。笔者分析了童工自身、政府、工厂主以及社会团体等四个方面的救助活动,发现它们的救助各有特点。本文认为:童工自我救助带有强烈的依附性,因此自我救助的成果不大。童工救助的大多数成果来自于政府和社会各界的努力。在整个童工救助中,进步人士的童工救助是各类童工救助的先锋,它促进了社会团体的形成和不断壮大,并且领导或影响了社会团体的童工救助。进步人士和社会团体的童工救助直接推动了政府童工救助的历程,政府的童工立法和童工的罢工运动直接影响了工厂主的童工救助。进步主义运动时期美国的童工救助取得了丰硕的成果,工厂雇佣童工的数量逐渐地减少,童工的最低雇佣年龄也不断的被提高。总之,该时期的童工救助在很大程度上改善了童工的生存条件,从而减轻了工业化对儿童的伤害,童工的生活重心也逐渐从工厂劳动转向了学校教育。
[Abstract]:During the Progressive Movement, with the rapid development of American industrialization, American factory labor system flourished again. In particular, the textile factory employment of child labor is the most common, the most serious. Therefore, this paper makes a deep understanding of the living conditions of child labor in American textile factories during the Progressive Movement, and finds that the illegal employment of child labour in American textile factories during the Progressive Movement is quite serious. Moreover, child workers in textile factories are under great pressure and ruthless destruction in family life, factory work and school education. With the development of social progress movement, people gradually realize the harm of child labor, so the government and all walks of life launched a series of child labor relief activities. The author analyzes the relief activities of child labor itself, government, factory owners and social organizations, and finds that their rescue has its own characteristics. This paper argues that child labor self-aid has strong dependence, so the results of self-help are not significant. Most of the results of child labor relief come from the efforts of the government and all sectors of society. In the whole child labor assistance, the progressive child labor assistance is the vanguard of all kinds of child labor assistance. It promotes the formation and growing of social groups, and leads or influences the child labor assistance of social organizations. The government's child labor legislation and child labor strike movement have directly affected the factory owner's child labor assistance. During the Progressive Movement, the aid for child labor in the United States was fruitful. The number of child workers employed in factories gradually decreased, and the minimum age of child labor was raised. In a word, the relief of child labor in this period improved the living conditions of child labor to a great extent, thus lightening the harm of industrialization to children, and the center of life of child labor gradually shifted from factory labor to school education.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K712.4
本文编号：2272830
[Abstract]:During the Progressive Movement, with the rapid development of American industrialization, American factory labor system flourished again. In particular, the textile factory employment of child labor is the most common, the most serious. Therefore, this paper makes a deep understanding of the living conditions of child labor in American textile factories during the Progressive Movement, and finds that the illegal employment of child labour in American textile factories during the Progressive Movement is quite serious. Moreover, child workers in textile factories are under great pressure and ruthless destruction in family life, factory work and school education. With the development of social progress movement, people gradually realize the harm of child labor, so the government and all walks of life launched a series of child labor relief activities. The author analyzes the relief activities of child labor itself, government, factory owners and social organizations, and finds that their rescue has its own characteristics. This paper argues that child labor self-aid has strong dependence, so the results of self-help are not significant. Most of the results of child labor relief come from the efforts of the government and all sectors of society. In the whole child labor assistance, the progressive child labor assistance is the vanguard of all kinds of child labor assistance. It promotes the formation and growing of social groups, and leads or influences the child labor assistance of social organizations. The government's child labor legislation and child labor strike movement have directly affected the factory owner's child labor assistance. During the Progressive Movement, the aid for child labor in the United States was fruitful. The number of child workers employed in factories gradually decreased, and the minimum age of child labor was raised. In a word, the relief of child labor in this period improved the living conditions of child labor to a great extent, thus lightening the harm of industrialization to children, and the center of life of child labor gradually shifted from factory labor to school education.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K712.4
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