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日本近代时间意识的形成

发布时间:2018-11-10 18:37
【摘要】: 时间观念是人们生活中的重要观念之一。日本从幕府时代到明治时代直至今,创造了严守时间的神话。日本人并非我们所想的那样天生守时,传统的日本就像其他农业社会一样有它自己悠闲度日的生活步调。在明治维新之后短短不到100年的时间,,“无视时间之国—日本”已变成走在世界尖端的时间大国。 随着1873年明治改历,日本引进了西方“定时法”的时刻制度,明治时代的日本人在江户时期残存的时间思想的遗迹中,渐渐培养出新的时间意识。“时间就是金钱”等思想观念被传入,公共场所的钟表、报时系统、时刻表、时间分配表等陆续出现。日本的公共交通运输有全世界最复杂最精确的时刻表,无论路程长短误差只以分秒计算。新式交通运输形式——铁路使人们开始确立科学的时间观念,时分秒有了细分并丰富了年月日的时间划分,全国标准时间出现并逐步取代了地方性时间。人们生活中的时间节奏和人们的时间距离感知被改变,人们开始有了“时间就是金钱”等近代时间观念。如今,日本以公共交通分秒不差运行、工厂精确的进度管理而闻名世界。这种严谨、精细的时间意识,在生活的每一个局部上打磨雕琢,以至于构成了一个民族的特色。 本文论述了日本时刻制度的演变过程,从明治时代的历法改革和钟表的普及等方面对日本近代时间意识形成进行重点分析,分述了同属汉文化圈的中日两国近代时间意识发展上的不同。从日本近代公共交通运输发展的角度分析了铁路的产生与人们时间意识的改变,并对日本近代小学校、家庭、工厂等地域环境的时间意识形成进行详细的考察与分析。
[Abstract]:The concept of time is one of the important concepts in people's life. Japan from the shogunate era to the Meiji era until now, created a strict time myth. The Japanese are not naturally punctual, and the traditional Japanese, like other farming societies, have their own leisurely pace of living. In less than 100 years after the Meiji Restoration, Japan, a time-blind country, has become a time power at the forefront of the world. With the Meiji reform in 1873, Japan introduced the Western "timing method" of the time system, and the Japanese in the Meiji era gradually cultivated a new sense of time in the remains of the time thought of the Edo period. The idea of "time is money" has been introduced, and clocks in public places, time reporting systems, schedules, time distribution tables and so on have appeared one after another. Public transport in Japan has the world's most complex and accurate timetable, regardless of the distance error in minutes and seconds. The new form of transportation, railway, makes people begin to establish the scientific concept of time. The time minutes and seconds have been subdivided and enriched the time division of the year, month and day, and the national standard time has appeared and gradually replaced the local time. The rhythm of life and people's perception of time distance have been changed, people began to have "time is money" and other modern concepts of time. Today, Japan is known all over the world for its smooth running of public transport and the precise schedule management of its factories. This rigorous, delicate sense of time, polished in every part of life, constitutes a national feature. This paper discusses the evolution process of Japanese time system, and analyzes the formation of Japanese modern time consciousness from the aspects of calendar reform in Meiji era and the popularization of clocks and watches. The differences in the development of modern time consciousness between China and Japan, which belong to the Chinese cultural circle, are described. From the perspective of the development of public transportation in modern Japan, this paper analyzes the emergence of railway and the change of people's time consciousness, and makes a detailed investigation and analysis of the formation of time consciousness in modern Japanese elementary schools, families, factories and other regional environments.
【学位授予单位】:河南大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2009
【分类号】:K313

【参考文献】

相关期刊论文 前2条

1 胡大平;日常生活的时间意识与历史意识的时间性[J];江海学刊;2000年02期

2 祝曙光;近代日本铁路管理机构的演变[J];铁道师院学报;1995年01期



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