古拉格强制劳动经济模式研究
发布时间：2018-11-20 19:34
【摘要】： 古拉格是苏联劳动改造营管理总局的简称。俄罗斯史学家称其为斯大林时期苏联最大、具有无限动员能力的经济机构。它有自身独特的经济运行模式,这种经济模式在1930年至1956年苏共20大召开之前的20多年期间,对苏联加速实现工业化、红军装备现代化、国民经济大型基础设施建设项目的顺利实施和及时完工起到了支撑作用,取得了令苏联领导集体备感惊喜的经济建设成就。一些当代俄罗斯学者认为,在苏联经济建设取得的伟大成就中,古拉格起了不可忽视的作用,因为最初为了巩固无产阶级专政隔离阶级异己分子和社会危险分子而组建的古拉格很快就变成了一个独立于其他经济组织的特殊经济部门,如果没有该经济部门的话,苏联工业化的许多任务是无法完成的。本选题关注的是古拉格如何从一个隔离阶级异己分子和社会危险分子的机构,发展成为具有无限动员能力的部门性经济机构的演化过程。基于上述原因本文确定的主要研究内容是：第一,从理论和实践两个层面探索早期组建强制劳动机构的目的、功能,以及后来逐步向经济组织演化的过程；第二,弄清古拉格演化为部门性经济组织后的经济模式基本特征、实践效果、官方的评价和对古拉格经济未来发展产生的影响；第三,行政管理机构和基层生产组织是如何为经济模式顺利运行提供有力组织保障的；第四,为提高劳动效率采取了哪些激励措施；第五,提高劳动效率的强制措施：第六,古拉格经济模式的终结。最后通过对上述内容的研究、分析,梳理出本选题关注问题的答案,并对“古拉格强制劳动经济模式”的产生、发展和终结的全过程做出客观评价。
[Abstract]:Gulag is the Soviet Union General Administration of Reform Camp abbreviation. Russian historians call it the largest Soviet economic institution in Stalin's time, with unlimited mobilization. It has its own unique mode of economic operation, which accelerated the industrialization of the Soviet Union and modernized the Red Army's equipment more than 20 years before the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, held in 1930 to 1956. The successful implementation and timely completion of large-scale infrastructure projects in the national economy have played a supporting role and achieved economic construction achievements that surprised the collective leadership of the Soviet Union. Some contemporary Russian scholars believe that among the great achievements made by the Soviet Union in economic construction, Gulag has played an important role. Because the Gulag, originally formed to consolidate the dictatorship of the proletariat to isolate class dissidents and dangerous elements of society, soon became a special economic sector independent of other economic organizations, if not for that economic sector. Many tasks of Soviet industrialization cannot be accomplished. This paper focuses on the evolution of Gulag from an organization that segregates class dissidents and social dangerous elements into a sectoral economic institution with unlimited mobilization ability. Based on the above reasons, the main research contents of this paper are as follows: first, the purpose and function of the early establishment of compulsory labor institutions are explored from the theoretical and practical aspects, as well as the process of gradual evolution to economic organizations; Secondly, we should make clear the basic characteristics of economic model, the effect of practice, the official evaluation and the influence on the future development of Gulag economy after the evolution of Gulag into a sectoral economic organization. Third, how the administrative agencies and grass-roots production organizations provide effective organizational support for the smooth operation of the economic model, fourth, what incentives have been taken to improve the efficiency of labor; Fifth, the compulsory measures to improve labor efficiency: sixth, the end of Gulag economic model. Finally, through the above research, analysis, comb out the answer of this topic concern question, and make the objective evaluation to the whole process of the production, development and the end of the "Gulag forced labor economy pattern".
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F240;K512.5
本文编号：2345789
[Abstract]:Gulag is the Soviet Union General Administration of Reform Camp abbreviation. Russian historians call it the largest Soviet economic institution in Stalin's time, with unlimited mobilization. It has its own unique mode of economic operation, which accelerated the industrialization of the Soviet Union and modernized the Red Army's equipment more than 20 years before the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, held in 1930 to 1956. The successful implementation and timely completion of large-scale infrastructure projects in the national economy have played a supporting role and achieved economic construction achievements that surprised the collective leadership of the Soviet Union. Some contemporary Russian scholars believe that among the great achievements made by the Soviet Union in economic construction, Gulag has played an important role. Because the Gulag, originally formed to consolidate the dictatorship of the proletariat to isolate class dissidents and dangerous elements of society, soon became a special economic sector independent of other economic organizations, if not for that economic sector. Many tasks of Soviet industrialization cannot be accomplished. This paper focuses on the evolution of Gulag from an organization that segregates class dissidents and social dangerous elements into a sectoral economic institution with unlimited mobilization ability. Based on the above reasons, the main research contents of this paper are as follows: first, the purpose and function of the early establishment of compulsory labor institutions are explored from the theoretical and practical aspects, as well as the process of gradual evolution to economic organizations; Secondly, we should make clear the basic characteristics of economic model, the effect of practice, the official evaluation and the influence on the future development of Gulag economy after the evolution of Gulag into a sectoral economic organization. Third, how the administrative agencies and grass-roots production organizations provide effective organizational support for the smooth operation of the economic model, fourth, what incentives have been taken to improve the efficiency of labor; Fifth, the compulsory measures to improve labor efficiency: sixth, the end of Gulag economic model. Finally, through the above research, analysis, comb out the answer of this topic concern question, and make the objective evaluation to the whole process of the production, development and the end of the "Gulag forced labor economy pattern".
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F240;K512.5
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 张雪峰;苏联劳改营史研究（1918-1960年）[D];吉林大学;2011年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 沈祥力;古拉格未成年人问题研究[D];吉林大学;2013年
，本文编号：2345789
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