两德的统一及其影响
发布时间：2018-11-25 19:02
【摘要】： 上世纪90年代初,作为冷战前沿阵地的联邦德国和民主德国实现了统一。具有不同社会制度(意识形态)的两个国家以和平方式迅速地重新统一,这在世界现代史上,是绝无仅有的,它产生了一系列的深远影响。因此,将两德的统一及其影响作为一个课题加以研究具有理论和实际的双重意义。 本篇论文包括两德统一的背景、曲折过程及其统一后的影响等内容。德国的重新统一是基于战后德国战败而被分割这一事实来讲的,20世纪40年代后期分区占领德国的盟国因为美苏意识形态的矛盾而最终分道扬镳成为对手,并由此形成了冷战的局面,在美英法的操纵下联邦德国成立,紧接着在苏联的扶植下民主德国亦成立,从此德国的分裂成为定局。自分裂以后,两个德国对统一问题的立场是两国政府各自的重要国策之一,但是因为德国的分裂是战后欧洲安全的保证,涉及到整个欧洲的战略平衡,所以要重新统一绝非易事。到了上世纪80年代,苏联和东欧发生的剧变以及东西方关系的缓和为两德统一提供了契机,最终,以西德吞并东德的方式完成了重新统一。德国统一的完成,对其国内而言,因为此前双方在经济政治体制等方面的发展具有异质性,因此一定程度上给统一后的德国带来了一系列的社会问题,至今仍未完全解决;另外,德国统一后对欧洲乃至世界也带来了一些深远的影响。 两德统一过程的前后还对我国提供了可借鉴的方法。如在解决台湾问题的过程中,如何处理内外部因素的关系,怎样把握契机采取适当的步骤?正在崛起的中国该如何打消周边国家和世界主要大国对中国崛起的疑虑?德国统一对外界采取的宣示和行为等,应该作为启示的一部分为我们所借鉴或习得。
[Abstract]:In the early 1990 s, the Federal Republic of Germany and the Democratic Republic of Germany, as the front of the Cold War, were United. Two countries with different social systems (ideologies) are rapidly reunified by peaceful means, which is unique in modern world history and has had a series of far-reaching effects. Therefore, it is of both theoretical and practical significance to study the unity and influence of the two virtues as a subject. This paper includes the background of the unification of two Germany, the tortuous process and its influence after unification. The reunification of Germany was based on the fact that Germany was divided after the war. The allies who occupied Germany in the late 1940s were eventually divided into adversaries because of ideological contradictions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Then the Cold War came into being, under the control of the United States, Britain and France, the Federal Republic of Germany was founded, followed by the Soviet Union under the support of the Democratic Republic of Germany, and from then on the German division became a foregone conclusion. Since the secession, the stance of the two Germany on the issue of reunification has been one of the important national policies of the two governments. However, since the division of Germany is the guarantee of European security after the war, it involves the strategic balance of the whole of Europe. So reunifying is no easy task. By the 1980s, the dramatic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and the relaxation of East-West relations provided an opportunity for the reunification of the two Germany. Finally, the reunification was completed by the annexation of East Germany by West Germany. The completion of the unification of Germany has brought a series of social problems to the unified Germany to some extent because of the heterogeneity of the development of the two sides in the economic and political system, which has not been completely solved up to now. In addition, after the reunification of Germany to Europe and even the world also brought some far-reaching impact. Before and after the process of unification of the two Germany, it also provides a reference method for our country. For example, in the process of resolving the Taiwan issue, how to handle the relationship between internal and external factors, and how to grasp the opportunity to take appropriate steps? How should rising China dispel doubts about China's rise from neighboring countries and major world powers? The declaration and behavior taken by German unification to the outside world should be used for reference or learned as a part of enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K516.7
本文编号：2357111
[Abstract]:In the early 1990 s, the Federal Republic of Germany and the Democratic Republic of Germany, as the front of the Cold War, were United. Two countries with different social systems (ideologies) are rapidly reunified by peaceful means, which is unique in modern world history and has had a series of far-reaching effects. Therefore, it is of both theoretical and practical significance to study the unity and influence of the two virtues as a subject. This paper includes the background of the unification of two Germany, the tortuous process and its influence after unification. The reunification of Germany was based on the fact that Germany was divided after the war. The allies who occupied Germany in the late 1940s were eventually divided into adversaries because of ideological contradictions between the United States and the Soviet Union. Then the Cold War came into being, under the control of the United States, Britain and France, the Federal Republic of Germany was founded, followed by the Soviet Union under the support of the Democratic Republic of Germany, and from then on the German division became a foregone conclusion. Since the secession, the stance of the two Germany on the issue of reunification has been one of the important national policies of the two governments. However, since the division of Germany is the guarantee of European security after the war, it involves the strategic balance of the whole of Europe. So reunifying is no easy task. By the 1980s, the dramatic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and the relaxation of East-West relations provided an opportunity for the reunification of the two Germany. Finally, the reunification was completed by the annexation of East Germany by West Germany. The completion of the unification of Germany has brought a series of social problems to the unified Germany to some extent because of the heterogeneity of the development of the two sides in the economic and political system, which has not been completely solved up to now. In addition, after the reunification of Germany to Europe and even the world also brought some far-reaching impact. Before and after the process of unification of the two Germany, it also provides a reference method for our country. For example, in the process of resolving the Taiwan issue, how to handle the relationship between internal and external factors, and how to grasp the opportunity to take appropriate steps? How should rising China dispel doubts about China's rise from neighboring countries and major world powers? The declaration and behavior taken by German unification to the outside world should be used for reference or learned as a part of enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K516.7
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