英国传统村落保护的核心理念及其实现机制

发布时间：2018-12-16 03:43

【摘要】：英国传统村落保护的历史首先得益于早期贵族和乡绅对乡村自然景观的营造和维护,以及某些中产阶级人士对生物多样性和乡村传统文化遗产的关注。英国社会普遍达成的共识是,传统村落中的自然景观和文化遗产是重构国家认同和国民品格形塑的战略资产;传统村落与其周边的自然景观和生物多样性之间长期演化形成的共生关系是传统村落延续的生命线,也是周边自然生态可持续维护的根本选择。在传统村落保护中,英国政府依法设立负责决策咨询服务、资金赠予的国家乡村机构,授权国家信托和乡村保护协会等社会组织基于国家利益从事传统村落资产的收购、保护和开发工作,合理设置了政府、社会组织和志愿者在传统村落保护中的行动空间和角色关系,进而最大程度地调动了社会各阶层参与传统村落保护的积极性,促成了政府、非政府组织和公民之间的协同行动,有效地实现了传统村落保护的理念和远景。
[Abstract]:The history of the protection of traditional villages in England was first attributed to the early aristocrats and the squire's construction and preservation of the rural natural landscape, as well as the attention of some middle class people to biodiversity and the traditional cultural heritage of the countryside. The consensus reached in British society is that the natural landscape and cultural heritage in the traditional villages are strategic assets to reconstruct the national identity and national character. The symbiotic relationship between the traditional village and its surrounding natural landscape and biodiversity is the lifeline of the traditional village and the basic choice of the sustainable maintenance of the surrounding natural ecology. In the protection of traditional villages, the British Government has set up a national rural organization responsible for decision-making and consultation services and grants of funds according to law, and has authorized social organizations such as the National Trust and the Rural Protection Association to engage in the acquisition of traditional village assets on the basis of national interests. Protection and development work, reasonable setting up of the government, social organizations and volunteers in the protection of traditional villages in the action space and role relations, and then the maximum mobilization of all social strata to participate in the protection of traditional villages, promoting the government, The cooperative action between NGOs and citizens has effectively realized the concept and vision of traditional village protection.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学人文与发展学院;
【基金】：国家留学基金(201506355019)
【分类号】：K561

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