论纳粹德国的经济发展（1933-1938年）

发布时间：2018-12-26 19:35

【摘要】：本文第一部分阐述了凡尔赛和约、1929—1933年世界经济危机对德国的经济、政治、社会的影响；在此背景下,德国选民(占选民1/3多)用选票将纳粹党及希特勒推到了德国政治的前台。本文的第二部分分析了上台后的纳粹政府在瓦尔特·达雷博士①、沙赫特博士②、托特博士③等经济技术专家帮助下,大胆地摒弃了布吕宁总理的稳定预算和紧缩货币政策④,充分发挥国家行政干预职能,冻结物价,以无情的国家计划,集中人力物力大抓普遍就业措施,大规模进行公共建筑维修,铁路电气化建设,修路、开凿运河、修桥、治河、建民居住宅等公共工程建设,完善邮政服务体系,农业增产复垦计划,重建商船队、自来水、天然气工程,重新武装等一系列举措,使德国经济很快地实现了复兴。但是,这些成就的取得是以剥夺部分公民自由换来的。损失最惨重的是犹太人,他们被剥夺财产,被开除公职,被剥夺公民权和选举权,被禁止与雅利安人通婚。论文的第三部分对纳粹德国所取得的经济成效以及不足进行了总结评价。
[Abstract]:The first part of this paper expounds the economic, political and social impact of the Versailles Peace Treaty, the world economic crisis of 1929-1933 on Germany; In this context, German voters (more than a third of the electorate) used votes to push Nazi and Hitler to the front stage of German politics. In the second part of this paper, the author analyses that the Nazi government, with the help of economic and technical experts such as Dr. Walter Dare, Dr. Schacht, and Dr. Tote, boldly abandoned Prime Minister Brunin's stable budget and tight monetary policy. To give full play to the functions of state administrative intervention, freeze prices, concentrate human and material resources on universal employment measures, and carry out large-scale public building repairs, railway electrification, road building, canal building, bridge building, and river control with ruthless state plans. A series of measures, such as the construction of residential houses and other public works, the improvement of postal service system, the plan of increasing agricultural production and reclamation, the reconstruction of commercial fleets, running water, natural gas projects and re-arming, have brought about a rapid revival of the German economy. But these achievements have been achieved in exchange for the deprivation of liberty of some citizens. The worst victims were Jews, who were stripped of their property, dismissed from public office, disenfranchised and disenfranchised from marriage to the Aryans. The third part summarizes the economic achievements and shortcomings of Nazi Germany.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K516.44

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