古代埃及的神权政治初探
发布时间：2019-03-03 20:33
【摘要】： 神灵崇拜在古代世界各个民族中普遍存在,对神灵的膜拜和信仰形成的宗教精神和神学规范深深地影响着古代世界各个民族的意识形态,并在各自的意识形态的指导下形成具有自身民族特色的政权体系。古代埃及对神灵的膜拜也形成了埃及民族独具特色的神权政治体系。 在古代埃及社会,宗教神学为法老的王权统治、政府运作、社会管理提供着神学依据、精神支撑甚至理论指导,从理论上确定了法老政府维护众神在创世之初定下的宇宙和社会秩序的本职职能,从而使集权的法老政府能高效的管理着埃及社会,也使得埃及民族在农业耕作之余能够创造上古世界可以说是最辉煌的人类文明。因此古代埃及民族的神权政治为辉煌的埃及文明的出现做出了巨大的贡献。 然而,法老的神权政治为古代埃及的社会发展做出了巨大贡献的同时,由于自身的缺陷,法老的神权体系不仅具有削弱自身王权的隐患,而且最终也成为了埃及社会发展与时俱进的障碍。在神权政治理论的影响下,对众神的膜拜使得埃及民族俯首于神性的权威之下,在既定的文化规范中难以前进微小的一步;法老宏伟的金字塔不仅见证了古代埃及集权政治的辉煌,同时也说明了古代埃及民族主流信仰的虚妄,从而使埃及民族对一个子虚乌有的世界投注了过多的精力,而侵蚀掉了现实中埃及民族精神体系中自信、乐观、坚强的内核;于是在新王国之后,古代埃及民族就形成了以“沉默”为特点的民族性格,它意味和强调着“耐心、谦卑、顺从,甚至放弃”。于是整个埃及文明体系从此失去了与时俱进、积极进取的文化心态,故而当“轴心时代”其他民族在梳理、确认、规范自身的文化传统从而得以实现自身民族新发展的时候,古代埃及民族却在异族的统治下“沉默”、“顺从”、“谦卑”地与其他文明相融合,并最终消失在了外来民族的洪流之中。 所以我们与其说埃及文明被外来文明征服了,毋宁说埃及文明被无情的历史洪流所淘汰了。
[Abstract]:The worship of deities was widespread among all nationalities in the ancient world. The religious spirit and theological norms formed by worship and belief of deities deeply influenced the ideology of every nation in the ancient world. And under the guidance of their respective ideology to form their own national characteristics of the regime system. The worship of the gods in ancient Egypt also formed the unique theocracy political system of the Egyptian nation. In ancient Egyptian society, religious theology provided theological basis, spiritual support and even theoretical guidance for Pharaoh's rule of Wang Quan, the operation of government, and social management. In theory, the government of Pharaoh determines the duty of the pharaoh government to maintain the universal and social order laid down by the gods at the beginning of the creation, so that the centralized pharaoh government can efficiently manage Egyptian society, In addition to farming, the Egyptian nation can create the most brilliant human civilization in the ancient world. Therefore, the ancient Egyptian national theocracy made great contribution to the emergence of the glorious Egyptian civilization. However, while Pharaoh's theocracy made a great contribution to the social development of ancient Egypt, due to its own defects, Pharaoh's theocracy system not only has the hidden danger of weakening its own Wang Quan, And eventually became an obstacle to the development of Egyptian society to keep pace with the times. Under the influence of theocratic political theory, the worship of the gods makes the Egyptian nation bow to the authority of divinity, and it is difficult to make a small step forward in the established cultural norms. Pharaoh's magnificent pyramids not only witnessed the splendor of the authoritarian politics of ancient Egypt, but also showed the falsehood of the mainstream beliefs of the ancient Egyptian nation, so that the Egyptian nation invested too much energy in an empty world. And eroded the real Egyptian national spirit system of self-confidence, optimism, strong core; After the new kingdom, the ancient Egyptian people formed a national character characterized by "silence", which meant and emphasized "patience, humility, obedience, and even abandonment". As a result, the entire Egyptian civilization system has since lost its cultural mentality of keeping pace with the times and being active and enterprising. Therefore, when other nationalities in the "Axis Age" are combing, confirming and standardizing their own cultural traditions so as to achieve their own new national development, The ancient Egyptian nation, however, was "silent", "obedient", "humbly" merged with other civilizations under the rule of the alien race, and eventually disappeared into the flood of foreign nations. So rather than being conquered by foreign civilization, Egyptian civilization has been eliminated by the merciless currents of history.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K411
本文编号：2434072
[Abstract]:The worship of deities was widespread among all nationalities in the ancient world. The religious spirit and theological norms formed by worship and belief of deities deeply influenced the ideology of every nation in the ancient world. And under the guidance of their respective ideology to form their own national characteristics of the regime system. The worship of the gods in ancient Egypt also formed the unique theocracy political system of the Egyptian nation. In ancient Egyptian society, religious theology provided theological basis, spiritual support and even theoretical guidance for Pharaoh's rule of Wang Quan, the operation of government, and social management. In theory, the government of Pharaoh determines the duty of the pharaoh government to maintain the universal and social order laid down by the gods at the beginning of the creation, so that the centralized pharaoh government can efficiently manage Egyptian society, In addition to farming, the Egyptian nation can create the most brilliant human civilization in the ancient world. Therefore, the ancient Egyptian national theocracy made great contribution to the emergence of the glorious Egyptian civilization. However, while Pharaoh's theocracy made a great contribution to the social development of ancient Egypt, due to its own defects, Pharaoh's theocracy system not only has the hidden danger of weakening its own Wang Quan, And eventually became an obstacle to the development of Egyptian society to keep pace with the times. Under the influence of theocratic political theory, the worship of the gods makes the Egyptian nation bow to the authority of divinity, and it is difficult to make a small step forward in the established cultural norms. Pharaoh's magnificent pyramids not only witnessed the splendor of the authoritarian politics of ancient Egypt, but also showed the falsehood of the mainstream beliefs of the ancient Egyptian nation, so that the Egyptian nation invested too much energy in an empty world. And eroded the real Egyptian national spirit system of self-confidence, optimism, strong core; After the new kingdom, the ancient Egyptian people formed a national character characterized by "silence", which meant and emphasized "patience, humility, obedience, and even abandonment". As a result, the entire Egyptian civilization system has since lost its cultural mentality of keeping pace with the times and being active and enterprising. Therefore, when other nationalities in the "Axis Age" are combing, confirming and standardizing their own cultural traditions so as to achieve their own new national development, The ancient Egyptian nation, however, was "silent", "obedient", "humbly" merged with other civilizations under the rule of the alien race, and eventually disappeared into the flood of foreign nations. So rather than being conquered by foreign civilization, Egyptian civilization has been eliminated by the merciless currents of history.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K411
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 李敏;古代埃及文明衰亡原因析论[D];山西大学;2012年
，本文编号：2434072
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