试论卡叠什战役及其影响
发布时间：2019-03-30 16:43
【摘要】： 自古以来埃及就同亚洲的叙利亚和巴勒斯坦地区有着密切的联系,到第二中间期(公元前1786-前1567)埃及人在驱逐喜克索斯人的过程中逐渐把势力渗入到这一地区,到第18王朝(公元前1567-前1320)图特摩斯三世时,帝国统治达到了极致。但是在18王朝末期,这种优势受到了刚刚崛起的赫梯王国的威胁,赫梯是世界上最早使用铁器的民族,因此很快取代米坦尼并占领了它在西亚的领地,把触角伸到了埃及统治的叙利亚和巴勒斯坦地区,直接同埃及争夺这一地区。公元前1312年,埃及第19王朝(公元前1320-前1200)法老拉美西斯二世和赫梯新王国穆瓦塔尔为了争夺叙利亚和巴勒斯坦的势力范围而发生的历史上一次规模巨大的战车之战。这场战役双方都进行了充分的战前准备,由于拉美西斯二世中了赫梯提前做好的埋伏,致使埃及军队陷入对方包围之中,被赫梯军队各个击破,直到埃及援军及时赶来才解了拉美西斯二世之围。后来双方为争夺叙利亚和巴勒斯坦地区又进行了长达16年的战争,在拉美西斯二世统治的第21年(公元前1283)同赫梯国王哈吐什里三世(公元前1290-前1260)签订了世界历史上第一个保存完整的国际停战条约即《银板和约》,和约包括了永久和平、互不侵犯、军事同盟、引渡政治犯等条款。和约签订的50年里,埃及同赫梯之间维持了长久的友好和平,整个近东地区一直处于和平稳定的状态。不仅如此,《银板和约》也为日后和平解决国际争端起了借鉴作用,成为国际和平条约的一个范本。
[Abstract]:Egypt has had close ties with Syria and Palestine in Asia since ancient times, and by the second middle period (1786-1567 BC) the Egyptians gradually infiltrated the region in the process of expelling the Heksos. By the 18th dynasty (1567-1320 B.C.) Tutmus III reached its peak. But at the end of the 18th dynasty, this advantage was threatened by the rising kingdom of Hittit, the world's first nation to use iron, so it soon replaced Mitani and occupied its territory in West Asia. Extended the antennae into Egypt-ruled Syria and Palestine, competing directly with Egypt for the region. In 1312 B.C., Egypt's 19th dynasty (1320-1200 BC) Pharaoh Ramses II and the new kingdom of Egypt Mouattar fought for the Syrian and Palestinian spheres of influence in the history of a huge chariot battle. Both sides of the battle made adequate pre-war preparations. As a result of the advance ambush by Hercules II in Ramses II, the Egyptian army fell into the siege of each other and was broken by each of the Hittists. It was not until the Egyptian reinforcements arrived in time that the siege of Ramses II was solved. Then there was another 16-year war between the two sides over Syria and Palestine. In the 21st year of Ramses II's reign (1283 B.C.), he signed the first complete international armistice treaty in the history of the world with King Hatushli III (1290-1260 BC), the Silver Peace Treaty, The treaty includes provisions for permanent peace, non-aggression, military alliances, and extradition of political prisoners. In the 50 years since the treaty was signed, Egypt and Hittit have maintained a long-standing peace and peace, and the whole of the near East has been in a state of peace and stability. Moreover, the Silver Peace Treaty has also served as a reference for the peaceful settlement of international disputes in the future, and has become a model of international peace treaties.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K12
本文编号：2450280
[Abstract]:Egypt has had close ties with Syria and Palestine in Asia since ancient times, and by the second middle period (1786-1567 BC) the Egyptians gradually infiltrated the region in the process of expelling the Heksos. By the 18th dynasty (1567-1320 B.C.) Tutmus III reached its peak. But at the end of the 18th dynasty, this advantage was threatened by the rising kingdom of Hittit, the world's first nation to use iron, so it soon replaced Mitani and occupied its territory in West Asia. Extended the antennae into Egypt-ruled Syria and Palestine, competing directly with Egypt for the region. In 1312 B.C., Egypt's 19th dynasty (1320-1200 BC) Pharaoh Ramses II and the new kingdom of Egypt Mouattar fought for the Syrian and Palestinian spheres of influence in the history of a huge chariot battle. Both sides of the battle made adequate pre-war preparations. As a result of the advance ambush by Hercules II in Ramses II, the Egyptian army fell into the siege of each other and was broken by each of the Hittists. It was not until the Egyptian reinforcements arrived in time that the siege of Ramses II was solved. Then there was another 16-year war between the two sides over Syria and Palestine. In the 21st year of Ramses II's reign (1283 B.C.), he signed the first complete international armistice treaty in the history of the world with King Hatushli III (1290-1260 BC), the Silver Peace Treaty, The treaty includes provisions for permanent peace, non-aggression, military alliances, and extradition of political prisoners. In the 50 years since the treaty was signed, Egypt and Hittit have maintained a long-standing peace and peace, and the whole of the near East has been in a state of peace and stability. Moreover, the Silver Peace Treaty has also served as a reference for the peaceful settlement of international disputes in the future, and has become a model of international peace treaties.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K12
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