马来西亚族群政策演变研究

发布时间：2019-05-29 06:43

【摘要】： 马来西亚的族群政策经历了奠定基调时期,全面压制时期和总体宽容、开放时期三个阶段的变化。三个时期相比虽然变化很大,但是总体说来马来西亚实施的是相对温和的族群政策。首先马来西亚实施沿袭自英国的竞争协商的议会民主制度意味着国内少数族群政党和利益团体拥有较为宽松的运作空间,其次马来西亚独特的族群结构和实力对比和国内政治、经济和社会发展的需要等因素都促成了马来西亚相对温和族群政策的形成和发展。吸取1969年“5.13”事件发生的教训,20世纪70年代初马来西亚对自身的政治体制进行了创造性的改革,在自身政治体制中融合了较多的威权主义色彩,以确保在危机时刻保证国内政治稳定。另外通过不断调整其族群政策和经济发展战略来适应不断变化的国内外形势达到促进国内各族群的平等权益和经济增长的目标,打造良好的族群关系进而促进马来西亚国族的形成。总体而言马来西亚族群政策的未来走向是在基于目前的框架下向真正公平、平等、和谐、统一的马来西亚国族的目标进行渐进变革。但是历史的发展从来不是一帆风顺的,影响马来西亚族群政策未来走向的消极因素非常之多,在适当的历史条件下甚至会起决定性作用,致使其族群政策发生重大转向。
[Abstract]:Malaysia's ethnic policy has gone through three stages: laying the tone, comprehensively suppressing and overall tolerance, and opening up. Although there have been great changes over the three periods, Malaysia has generally implemented a relatively moderate ethnic policy. First of all, Malaysia's implementation of a parliamentary democracy inherited from competition consultation in the United Kingdom means that minority political parties and interest groups in the country have relatively loose space to operate, and secondly, Malaysia's unique ethnic structure and strength contrast and domestic politics. The need for economic and social development has contributed to the formation and development of Malaysia's relatively moderate ethnic policy. Drawing on the lessons learned from the "May 13" incident in 1969, Malaysia carried out creative reforms to its own political system in the early 1970s, and integrated more authoritarian colors into its own political system. To ensure domestic political stability in times of crisis. In addition, through the continuous adjustment of their ethnic policy and economic development strategy to adapt to the changing situation at home and abroad to achieve the goal of promoting the equal rights and interests of all ethnic groups and economic growth in the country, Create good ethnic relations and promote the formation of the Malaysian nation. Overall, the future direction of Malaysia's ethnic policy is to make a gradual change in the goal of a truly fair, equal, harmonious and unified Malaysian nation based on the current framework. However, the development of history has never been smooth sailing, and there are many negative factors that affect the future trend of ethnic policy in Malaysia, which will even play a decisive role under appropriate historical conditions, resulting in a major turn in its ethnic policy.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K342

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