英属印度殖民教育及其双重效果

发布时间：2019-06-07 20:33

【摘要】：印度在历史上曾长期处在英国殖民统治之下。在印度,英国殖民者最初只是为了谋求商业利益,到后来逐步发展为政治、经济、文化等领域的实际统治者。这使印度社会面貌呈现诸多新特征,尤其在教育方面,无疑也深深烙下了英帝国的印迹。本文试图以殖民教育及双重效果为视角去分析殖民统治期间,英国在印度教育领域推行的一系列带有殖民性质的措施及其影响。殖民当局出于自身统治考虑,“被动的”成为印度教育现代化的领路人,打破落后守旧的印度教育,一步步搭建起进步合理的新式教育。1854年伍德委员会拟定了《伍德教育急件》即《印度教育大宪章》,成为教育改革的理论指导;1882年亨特委员会调查报告通过实际调查提出具体提议,两者一起为印度现代教育奠定了基石,印度依此逐渐建立了现代教育体系。英国在印度推行的一系列教育措施,在培养新型知识分子、女性教育的发展、宗教改革的影响以及印度本土语言文化发展方面起到了正面效果。因为英国的初衷是为殖民统治服务,致使殖民教育也呈现出负面影响:教育领域产生多层面不平衡,印度教、伊斯兰教教众接受新式教育存在差异,从而大大加剧了两大教派之间的思想、立场分歧。重新思考和审视这些问题,有助于加深对英属印度殖民教育历史的了解,并对我国教育发展有所启发。
[Abstract]:India has been under British colonial rule for a long time in history. In India, British colonists initially sought commercial interests and gradually developed into actual rulers in politics, economy, culture and other fields. This makes Indian society take on many new characteristics, especially in education, and undoubtedly branded the imprint of the British Empire. This paper attempts to analyze a series of measures with colonial nature and their influence in the field of Indian education during the colonial rule from the perspective of colonial education and dual effects. For the sake of their own rule, the colonial authorities became the leader of the modernization of Indian education and broke the backward and old-fashioned Indian education. Step by step, a new type of education was built step by step. In 1854, the Wood Commission formulated the urgent message of Wood Education, that is, the Magna Carta of Indian Education, which became the theoretical guide of educational reform. In 1882, the Hunter Commission investigation report put forward concrete suggestions through the actual investigation, which together laid the foundation stone for modern education in India, according to which India gradually established a modern education system. A series of educational measures carried out by Britain in India have played a positive role in the cultivation of new intellectuals, the development of women's education, the influence of religious reform and the development of Indian native language and culture. Because Britain's original intention was to serve colonial rule, colonial education also showed a negative impact: there were multiple imbalances in the field of education, and there were differences in the acceptance of new education by Hindus and Islamists. As a result, the differences in ideas and positions between the two major denominations have been greatly aggravated. Rethinking and examining these problems is helpful to deepen the understanding of the history of colonial education in British India and enlighten the development of education in China.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K351

【共引文献】