二战后到统一前联邦德国民主重建
发布时间：2019-06-19 11:51
【摘要】： 第二次世界大战结束了第三帝国的统治,同时德国分裂成两个国家。一个是在西方国家支持下建立的德意志联邦共和国,另一个是在苏联支持下建立的德意志民主共和国。这两个国家在战后走上了不同的民主道路。其中联邦德国是在以美英法三大国占领区基础上建立起来的,成为典型的西方式议会民主制国家。联邦德国战后开始的民主重建工作困难重重,步步艰辛,终于在70年代末建立起较为完善的民主制度,成为世界公认的真正的民主国家。德国民主重建对许多国家都有借鉴意义。本文通过考察战后联邦德国民主建设过程,总结其成功经验,并在此基础上探寻民主发展的基本规律。 论文分为五章:第一章扼要回顾魏玛共和国民主建设的情况,分析了其民主制度的优越性和缺陷,着重指出共和国的灭亡与民主建设不完善有关;第二章论述了战后联邦德国政治民主重建的特色,着重分析基本法的民主内涵及其在政治民主化过程中所起到的基石作用;第三章论述了经济民主化的发展,揭示了经济民主化与社会市场经济的关系,德国共决制的特色,而在此基础上实现了经济发展与民主化;第四章论述了德国社会民主建设的努力,主要介绍德国社会民主党的理论主张和社会报站制度的建设情况;第五章论述了战后德国民主教育及民众民主观念的转变情况。 结论部分则是对德国民主重建的经验总结,着重指出民主建设是一种历史潮流,但民主没有固定的模式,应该符合国情。德国的经验也可以为正在建设社会主义民主的中国提供某些借鉴。
[Abstract]:World War II ended the rule of the third Reich and Germany split into two countries. One is the Federal Republic of Germany, founded with the support of Western countries, and the other is the German Democratic Republic, established with the support of the Soviet Union. The two countries embarked on different democratic paths after the war. Among them, the Federal Republic of Germany was established on the basis of the occupation of the three great powers of the United States, Britain and France, and became a typical western-style parliamentary democracy. The reconstruction of democracy in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war was difficult and difficult, and finally established a more perfect democratic system in the late 1970s and became a true democracy recognized in the world. The reconstruction of democracy in Germany is of great significance to many countries. Based on the investigation of the process of democratic construction in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war, this paper summarizes its successful experience, and on this basis, explores the basic laws of democratic development. The paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter briefly reviews the democratic construction of Weimar Republic, analyzes the advantages and defects of its democratic system, and points out that the demise of the Republic is related to the imperfection of democratic construction. The second chapter discusses the characteristics of the reconstruction of political democracy in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war, focusing on the democratic connotation of the basic Law and its cornerstone role in the process of political democratization. The third chapter discusses the development of economic democratization, reveals the relationship between economic democratization and social market economy, and the characteristics of German communist system, on this basis, realizes economic development and democratization, the fourth chapter discusses the efforts of German social democracy construction, mainly introduces the theoretical ideas of the German Social Democratic Party and the construction of the social newspaper station system. The fifth chapter discusses the post-war German democratic education and the transformation of people's democratic concept. The conclusion part is a summary of the experience of democratic reconstruction in Germany, focusing on the fact that democratic construction is a historical trend, but democracy has no fixed model and should be in line with the national conditions. Germany's experience can also provide some reference for building a socialist democracy in China.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K518
本文编号：2502323
[Abstract]:World War II ended the rule of the third Reich and Germany split into two countries. One is the Federal Republic of Germany, founded with the support of Western countries, and the other is the German Democratic Republic, established with the support of the Soviet Union. The two countries embarked on different democratic paths after the war. Among them, the Federal Republic of Germany was established on the basis of the occupation of the three great powers of the United States, Britain and France, and became a typical western-style parliamentary democracy. The reconstruction of democracy in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war was difficult and difficult, and finally established a more perfect democratic system in the late 1970s and became a true democracy recognized in the world. The reconstruction of democracy in Germany is of great significance to many countries. Based on the investigation of the process of democratic construction in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war, this paper summarizes its successful experience, and on this basis, explores the basic laws of democratic development. The paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter briefly reviews the democratic construction of Weimar Republic, analyzes the advantages and defects of its democratic system, and points out that the demise of the Republic is related to the imperfection of democratic construction. The second chapter discusses the characteristics of the reconstruction of political democracy in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war, focusing on the democratic connotation of the basic Law and its cornerstone role in the process of political democratization. The third chapter discusses the development of economic democratization, reveals the relationship between economic democratization and social market economy, and the characteristics of German communist system, on this basis, realizes economic development and democratization, the fourth chapter discusses the efforts of German social democracy construction, mainly introduces the theoretical ideas of the German Social Democratic Party and the construction of the social newspaper station system. The fifth chapter discusses the post-war German democratic education and the transformation of people's democratic concept. The conclusion part is a summary of the experience of democratic reconstruction in Germany, focusing on the fact that democratic construction is a historical trend, but democracy has no fixed model and should be in line with the national conditions. Germany's experience can also provide some reference for building a socialist democracy in China.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K518
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王晓岭;桀骜难驯的权力—德国立宪艰难之因[D];山东师范大学;2011年
，本文编号：2502323
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