论古罗马共和前期的公民道德

发布时间：2019-06-20 10:17

【摘要】： 罗马这个国家是建立在古老的道德观念和公民之上的，可以说，公民和道德是罗马立国的两大基石，，也是它实现成功扩张的两大法宝，两者密不可分，具有美德的公民造就了伟大的帝国。他们以虔诚、诚信、遵纪守法、生活严谨、简朴而著称，在道德方面堪称典范。严格的道德规范将罗马的公民塑造成勤劳的农民、勇敢的战士、将国家利益置于首位的官员，从而成就了伟大的功业，建立起广阔的帝国。古罗马的各大史家们在总结历史的经验教训时也将公民的美德奉于首位，认为它是罗马走向成功的重要原因。李维说过：“在我看来，每个人都应当密切地注意这些问题，曾有过什么样的生活，什么样的道德。在和平战争时期，通过哪些人以及运用哪些才能使帝国被建立和扩大。”而罗马共和后期，公民道德的沦丧是罗马走向衰亡的根本原因。因此，了解罗马的公民道德具有重要意义。本文分为三个部分：第一部分是引言：阐明当前国内外研究现状、本文的主要内容、创新之处以及理论与现实意义。第二部分是正文：首先，对罗马公民的定义和范围进行了阐述；接着，对于罗马公民的社会道德主要从两方面进行分析：公民道德、职业道德。公民道德包括：爱国、虔诚、诚信、守法等。职业道德从罗马公民通常从事的三种职业分别进行论述：农民、军人和官吏。最后，论述古罗马共和时期的道德建设，及其对当今社会的借鉴作用。第三部分为结语：总结公民道德在罗马社会发展过程中起到的积极和消极作用。
[Abstract]:The country of Rome is founded on the old moral concept and the citizen, and can say that the citizen and the morality are the two cornerstones of the Roman state, and it is two of the two magic powers to realize the successful expansion, and the two are closely related, and the citizens with virtue have made great empires. They are known for piety, good faith, law-abiding, well-defined and simple, and are exemplary in morality. The strict moral code causes the Roman citizens to make hard-working farmers, brave soldiers, and put the national interests at the top of the official, thus making great work and building a vast empire. The great historians of ancient Rome, in summing up the lessons of history, also put the virtue of the citizen first, and considered it to be an important reason for the success of Rome. Li Weihe said: "In the late "In my view, everyone should pay close attention to these issues, what kind of life it has and what kind of morality. In the period of peace, which people and what to do to make the empires be built and expanded." of the Roman Republic, the loss of morality is the root cause of the decline of Rome." Therefore, it is of great significance to know the ethical morality of Rome. This article It is divided into three parts: the first part is the introduction: the present domestic and foreign research status, the main content of this paper, The second part is the text: first, the definition and scope of the Roman citizen are set forth; then, for the social morality of the Roman citizen It is mainly analyzed from two aspects: moral and professional ethics The ethics of ethics includes patriotism, piety, integrity, law-abiding, and so on. Professional ethics is usually carried out by Roman citizens The three occupations are discussed: the peasants, the soldiers and the officials. Finally, the ancient Roman Republic is discussed. The Moral Construction of the Period and Its Reference to the Modern Society. The third part is the epilogue.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K126

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