大学生职业兴趣类型结构与测量工具的编制

发布时间：2018-01-03 05:20

本文关键词：大学生职业兴趣类型结构与测量工具的编制　出处：《郑州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的(1)构建我国大学生职业兴趣理论模型;(2)编制适合中国大学生的职业兴趣测验;(3)探讨中国大学生的职业兴趣类型及其结构。方法通过文献和理论构建,结合网络搜集、开放式问卷、内容分析、专家评定和讨论等多种方法,构建了14个大学生职业兴趣类型,并根据层面理论形成职业兴趣项目库。(1)首先通过对职业兴趣项目库的评估筛选,形成了包含235个项目的初始问卷,通过对大学生小样本的初步探索,验证了包含14个因素的类型结构,形成包含154个项目的正式问卷。(2)采用分层整群抽样法对我国3200名大学生进行测评,对2927份有效问卷进行项目分析;采用因素分析法检验测验的结构效度;采用信度分析检验各因素的内部同质性;以在10大专业类上得分高的被试为校标样本验证测验的效标效度;采用相关分析法,以职业兴趣的二维度理论为基础检测测验的建构效度。(3)通过描述统计、独立样本t检验及方差分析,考察大学生职业兴趣的人口学特点。结果(1)因素分析获得了13个因素,13个因素可分别命名为“实物操作型”、“抽象技术型”、“自然科学型”、“人文科学型”、“艺术创作型”、“表演展示型”、“社交服务型”、“利他奉献型”、“企业经营型”、“政治权力型”、“常规事务型”、“健身运动型”、“刺激冒险型”;(2)信度分析结果显示,各个因素内部信度系数均达到0.77以上;(3)效度分析结果显示,在10大不同专业类上得分高的学生除在表演展示型、利他奉献型上的不具有显著差异外,在其他11种职业兴趣类型上的得分均具有显著差异(p0.05);(4)相关分析结果显示,13种职业兴趣类型基本符合环形结构:相邻兴趣的相关系数最高,间隔的次之,相对的最小;(3)人口学分析结果显示:1)大学生普遍在表演展示型、政治权利型、刺激冒险型上得分高,在社交服务型、企业经营型、健身运动型上得分低;2)除人文科学型、社交服务型、常规事务型外,大学生在其他10种职业兴趣类型上均存在显著的性别差异。具体来说,在实物操作型、抽象技术型、自然科学型、企业经营型、政治权力型、健身运动型、刺激冒险型上,男生得分显著高于女生(p0.01),在艺术创作型、表演展示型、利他奉献型上,女生得分显著高于男生(p0.01);3)除人文科学型、艺术创作型、健身运动型外,大学生在其他10种职业兴趣类型上均存在显著的年级差异(p0.01)。结论(1)因素分析获得的13个因素可代表当代大学生的职业兴趣类型;(2)大学生职业兴趣测验具有较高的结构效度,效标效度良好,信度较高;(3)总体上,大学生比较擅长表演展示型、政治权利型、刺激冒险型等相关活动;男生相比女生,更喜欢与实物操作型、抽象技术型、自然科学型、企业经营型、政治权力型、健身运动型、刺激冒险型等相关的活动,而女生则更喜欢与艺术创作型、表演展示型、利他奉献型相关的活动;(4)不同专业类别的大学生其职业兴趣类型不同;(5)大学生职业兴趣测验可以作为指导大学生职业选择的重要依据。
[Abstract]:Objective (1) to construct model of College Students' occupation interest theory in China; (2) preparing for Chinese students occupation interest test; (3) to investigate the type and structure of China occupation interest of college students. Through constructing the literature and theory, combined with network collection, open questionnaire, content analysis, expert evaluation and discussion methods. Construction of 14 college students occupation interest type, and according to the formation of occupation interest project library theory. (1) first through the assessment of the occupation interest project library screening, to form the initial questionnaire with 235 items, through preliminary exploration on college students of small sample, verify the type of structure contains 14 factors, the formation of a formal the questionnaire contains 154 items. (2) by using stratified cluster sampling method was used to test 3200 college students in China, project analysis on 2927 valid questionnaires by using factor analysis method; structure inspection test By using the reliability analysis validity; test of various factors in internal homogeneity; score in 10 professional class of subjects with high school standard sample to verify the validity of the test; by the method of correlation analysis, the occupation interest degree theory for two dimensional construct validity based detection test. (3) through descriptive statistics, independent analysis sample t test and variance, demographic characteristics were investigated in occupation (1). The results of factor analysis of 13 factors, 13 factors can be named as the "real operation", "abstraction", "natural science", "humanities", "artistic creation", "show type", "social service", "dedication", "business", "political power", "general affairs", "Sports", "adventure"; (2) the reliability analysis results show that the factors of internal reliability The coefficient reached 0.77 or more; (3) the validity analysis results showed that, in 10 different majors scored high on students in addition to display in the show, the altruistic dedication does not have significant differences, in the other 11 kinds of occupation interest types scores were significantly different (P0.05); (4) correlation analysis the results showed that 13 kinds of occupation interest types consistent with ring structure: the coefficient of correlation of adjacent interest is the highest, the time interval, relative to the minimum; (3) the demographic analysis results showed that: 1) the students generally show in the show, political rights, adventure type high scores, social service, enterprise management type of exercise type low score; 2) in addition to the humanities, social service, regular affairs, college students have significant gender differences in the other 10 types of occupation interest. Specifically, in real operation, abstraction, Natural Science Business type, type, political power, fitness sports, adventure type, boys scored significantly higher than female (P0.01), in art creation, show type, altruistic dedication, girls scored significantly higher than boys (P0.01); 3) in addition to the humanities, art creation, exercise foreign students, there are significant grade differences in the other 10 kinds of occupation interest types (P0.01). Conclusion (1) on behalf of the contemporary college students factors analysis of 13 factors of occupation interest type; (2) the structure validity of occupation interest test has high validity, good reliability, high (; 3) on the whole, students are good at showing type, political rights, adventure type and other related activities; boys than girls, more love and physical operation, abstraction, natural science, business, political power, fitness sports, adventure Other related activities, while girls are more love and art creation, show type, dedication related activities; (4) the different categories of students interested in the professional occupation of different types; (5) college students' occupation interest test can be used as important basis for guiding college students' occupation selection.

【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B844.2

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