死亡凸显对工作记忆广度的影响

发布时间：2018-02-13 19:54

本文关键词： 死亡凸显情绪调节工作记忆　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近几年来,关于恐惧管理理论(Terror Management Theory,TMT)的研究越来越多,但是,绝大部分的研究都在探讨恐惧管理理论的远端防御,主要包括对文化世界观、亲密关系、自尊这三方面的研究,很少有研究者对恐惧管理理论的近端防御进行研究,特别是把恐惧管理理论和认知结合起来。之前有研究者已经发现恐惧管理理论的近端防御会消耗认知资源,还发现威胁情境会导致工作记忆广度的下降。因此,本文主要研究死亡凸显对工作记忆广度的影响,并且进一步探讨情绪调节在这个过程中所起到的作用。本研究主要包含三个实验,被试以在校大学生为主,实验一通过运算广度任务来研究被试经过死亡凸显操纵以后,工作记忆广度的变化。实验二通过情绪词汇判断任务和工作记忆广度任务,来研究被试在死亡凸显后,是否产生了消极情绪,并进行了自发的情绪调节,从而影响了工作记忆广度的成绩。实验三采用外显指导语的方式,引导人们采用不同的情绪调节策略,来研究死亡凸显对工作记忆广度影响的过程中,情绪调节的作用以及不同的情绪调节策略所起的作用。结果发现:死亡凸显组的工作记忆广度成绩显著低于控制组的工作记忆广度成绩;死亡凸显操纵以后,人们会产生消极的情绪,并自发的对这种消极的情绪进行调节,从而导致工作记忆广度的降低;采用情绪抑制调节策略时,死亡凸显组回忆字母的正确个数显著低于控制组;死亡凸显组采取情绪抑制策略的被试工作记忆广度低于采取情绪重评策略的被试,控制组采用情绪抑制策略的被试工作记忆广度成绩和采用情绪重评策略的被试没有显著的差异。最后,我们在恐惧管理理论、情绪调节有关理论和工作记忆有关理论的基础上,对本研究所得出来的结果进行分析与讨论。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there have been more and more researches on the theory of fear management, Terror Management TMT. However, most of the studies are focused on the remote defense of fear management theory, including cultural worldview, intimate relationship and self-esteem. Few researchers have studied the near-end defense of fear management theory, especially the combination of fear management theory and cognition. Previously, some researchers have found that near-end defense of fear management theory consumes cognitive resources. It is also found that threat situations can lead to the decline of working memory span. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the influence of death highlight on working memory span. And further explore the role of emotional regulation in this process. This study mainly consists of three experiments, the main subjects are college students, experiment 1 through the operation breadth task to study the subject after the death highlight manipulation. The second experiment, through the task of judging emotional vocabulary and the task of working memory span, studied whether the subjects had a negative emotion after death, and carried out spontaneous emotional regulation. In experiment three, explicit guidance was used to guide people to adopt different emotion regulation strategies to study the influence of death highlight on working memory span. The results showed that the scores of working memory span of the death highlight group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and that after the death highlight manipulation, the working memory span of the death highlight group was significantly lower than that of the control group. People will produce negative emotion, and spontaneously regulate the negative emotion, which leads to the decrease of working memory span, the correct number of recall letters of death highlight group is significantly lower than that of control group. The working memory span of the subjects with emotional inhibition strategy in the death highlight group was lower than that in the subjects who adopted the emotional reappraisal strategy. There was no significant difference in the scores of working memory span between the control group and those who adopted the emotion reappraisal strategy. Finally, we based on the theory of fear management, the theory of emotion regulation and the theory of working memory. The results of this study are analyzed and discussed.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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