长时间控制感剥夺对科学信念的影响及其心理机制

发布时间：2018-02-19 19:41

本文关键词： 补偿性控制科学信念短暂控制感剥夺长时间控制感剥夺秩序需求　出处：《华中师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：控制感的获得被认为是人最基本的心理需求之一。补偿性控制理论认为这主要在于它能够满足个体对于秩序的需要。而当控制感遭受剥夺时,个体会产生一系列补偿性策略以维持对秩序的需求,这一过程被称为补偿性控制。且具体的补偿性策略又可以反映在视认知、超自然信仰、经济消费、政治行为等多个领域。近两年,一方面有学者秉承补偿性控制领域的研究思路,探索了控制感剥夺与科学观的关系；发现了在控制感威胁下,个体会表现得更加崇尚科学、相信科学。另一方面,又有研究者结合习得性无助理论的启示,对控制剥夺进行了短暂与长时间的区分,并发现了二者的不同效应。而补偿性控制领域的研究一直只是笼统地进行了控制剥夺的自变量操纵,因而其原有的控制感剥夺会促进积极科学观的这一研究结论究竟揭示的是短暂控制感剥夺下的现象,还是涵盖了人们长期失控下的心理与行为反应,这便需要进一步研究的揭示。另外,依据补偿性控制理论,秩序需求一直被视为补偿性控制过程的心理机制,在控制感剥夺与随后的补偿性控制策略中间起着中介作用,但未有研究予以直接证实。本研究力图探索在长时间控制感剥夺下,个体的科学信念下降；同时,检验在这一过程中,秩序需求起着中介作用。研究一考察了长时间控制感剥夺是否会引起个体科学信念的下降,实验有39名被试,采用2(控制感操纵条件)×2(研究课题类型)的混合实验设计,研究结果发现,在科学性研究的重要性评定上,控制感剥夺组的得分要显著低于控制组；而对于人文性研究重要性的评定上,两组得分之间不存在显著差异,即该研究结论支持了研究假设。研究二探索了秩序需求在控制感剥夺对科学信念影响过程中的中介作用,结果发现,在遭受到长时间控制感剥夺后,个体的秩序需求会降低,进而科学信念也有所降低, 综上所述,本研究可得出结论：与已有的补偿性控制的研究结果相比,长时间控制感剥夺会致使科学信念下降,而秩序需求在这一过程中起着中介作用。
[Abstract]:The acquisition of sense of control is considered to be one of the most basic psychological needs of human beings. Compensatory control theory holds that it is mainly due to its ability to satisfy the needs of individuals for order, and when the sense of control is deprived, Individuals produce a series of compensatory strategies to maintain order, a process known as compensatory control, and specific compensatory strategies can be reflected in cognitive, supernatural, and economic consumption. Political behavior and other fields. In the last two years, on the one hand, some scholars have followed the research ideas in the field of compensatory control, explored the relationship between the deprivation of control and the view of science, and found that under the threat of control, individuals will behave more scientifically. Believe in science. On the other hand, some researchers, combined with the enlightenment of the theory of learned helplessness, distinguish between control deprivation for a short time and for a long time. And find the different effects of the two. But the research in the field of compensatory control has only generally carried out the independent variable manipulation of control deprivation. Therefore, the conclusion that its original sense of control deprivation will promote a positive view of science reveals whether it is a phenomenon of temporary deprivation of control, or whether it covers the psychological and behavioral reactions of people who have been out of control for a long time. In addition, according to the compensatory control theory, order demand is always regarded as the psychological mechanism of compensatory control process, which plays an intermediary role between the control sense deprivation and the subsequent compensatory control strategy. This study tries to explore the decline of individual scientific belief under the condition of long time deprivation of sense of control, and at the same time, test plays an intermediary role in the process of order demand. In the first study, we investigated whether long-term deprivation of sense of control would lead to the decline of individual scientific belief. 39 subjects were designed as a mixed experiment with 2 (control sense manipulation condition) 脳 2 (study subject type). The results showed that, The scores of the control deprivation group were significantly lower than those of the control group in the evaluation of the importance of scientific research, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the evaluation of the importance of the humanistic research, that is, the conclusion of the study supported the hypothesis of the study. The second study explores the intermediary role of order demand in the process of controlling sense deprivation affecting scientific belief. The results show that after being deprived of control sense for a long time, the order demand of individual will decrease, and then scientific belief will also decrease. To sum up, this study can draw a conclusion: compared with the existing research results of compensatory control, long-term deprivation of control will lead to the decline of scientific beliefs, and order demand plays an intermediary role in this process.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848

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