睡眠剥夺影响情绪稳定性的脑网络研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 11:02

本文选题：睡眠剥夺　切入点：情绪　出处：《西南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：睡眠不足是现代社会的普遍现象,会对个人身体健康带来不利影响。已有研究表明睡眠剥夺会带来注意力、记忆、执行功能、情绪判断等一系列认知功能上的降低。其引发的神经活动改变广泛分布于全脑,包括额顶控制区、次级感觉加工区等皮层上脑区以及丘脑、海马、杏仁核等皮层下组织。并且,在睡眠剥夺后这种行为与神经层面的改变也存在一定的个体差异。不同的个体对睡眠剥夺的敏感度不同,引发的行为神经改变程度也不同。回顾已有文献,我们已经了解到睡眠剥夺后会出现一系列认知功能的降低,不仅有较为基础性的注意力涣散,还包括高级的控制及决策功能。到目前为止,尽管有大量可靠的研究关注睡眠与认知的交互关系,但是睡眠／睡眠剥夺对情感和情绪调节方面的研究还较少。几乎所有的心境障碍都会伴随睡眠异常,暗示了睡眠和情绪之间的潜在关系。为了验证情绪功能在睡眠剥夺后的变化及其神经基础,我们提出了研究一。研究一使用任务态fMRI,采用情绪图片评分的方法考察了个体在睡眠剥夺后情绪加工的变化。结果显示正常个体在睡眠剥夺后不仅心境变得较为低落,情绪加工能力也更加不稳定。睡眠剥夺后观看情绪图片时额中回、中央后回、颞中回和小脑部分区域激活增强,而中脑区域较正常状态则表现出激活下降。额叶等高级区域的激活增强可能是一种潜在的补偿效应,而负责觉醒/睡眠的中脑则在睡眠剥夺后呈现出功能损伤。并且在观看不同情绪效价的图片时,睡眠剥夺后负性图片引发后部扣带回和枕中回的激活显著增强,而观看正性图片时却没有激活改变的脑区出现。这一现象说明不同效价图片在睡眠剥夺后的所需的情绪加工可能不同。静息态功能磁共振成像能够记录个体在无任务状态下的大脑血氧信号,这种大脑的自发振荡被认为反应了脑活动的“基线状态”。针对睡眠剥夺后各种认知功能损伤的fMRI研究很广泛,但是针对大脑自发活动在睡眠剥夺后改变的研究还较少。并且,睡眠剥夺后认知变化的相应异常神经活动也弥散于全脑。是否是全脑整体加工效率的异常导致脑神经活动的异常,而在行为上表现出情绪功能的下降?针对这一问题我们提出了研究二,通过记录静息态脑自发振荡,使用图论分析从全局角度考察睡眠剥夺对大脑整体加工效率的影响。结果显示,在睡眠剥夺后大脑功能网络中的负连接显著减弱,暗示了大脑抑制水平的整体下降。与网络出现紊乱的预期相反,睡眠剥夺后小世界属性相比正常状态表现出增强,可能代表了脑功能网络的补偿效应。受睡眠剥夺影响的脑网络主要是较低级的枕叶网络以及感觉运动网络,较高级的控制网络受到的影响较小。静息态活动改变的区域与任务态激活改变的结果一致,这可能反映了认知神经功能在睡眠剥夺后改变的共同神经基础。此外,这种神经网络的变化与被试的神经质得分显著相关。这些发现可能对于我们了解睡眠剥夺后个体情绪功能变化的潜在神经网络基础,以及人格特质在其中所起的作用有一定的意义。围绕睡眠剥夺对情绪稳定性的影响,本研究从任务态和静息态两方面开展了实验研究。实验结果验证了已有文献所报道的睡眠剥夺后个体情绪不稳性增强的现象,并且这一现象不仅仅与个体单纯的情绪加工能力受损有关,与个体在睡眠剥夺后大脑静息态活动的变化也有关。
[Abstract]:Insufficient sleep is a common phenomenon in modern society, will adversely affect the personal health. Studies have shown that sleep deprivation can bring attention, memory, executive function, reduce the emotional judgment and a series of cognitive functions. Widely distributed in the whole brain changes caused by neural activity, including frontoparietal control area, hippocampal cortex secondary feel like the processing area of the brain and the thalamus, amygdala, cortex tissue. And, to change this behavior and neural levels after sleep deprivation also has individual differences. Different individuals of different sensitivity of sleep deprivation, caused by the behavior of neural change degree is also different.
A review of the existing literature, we have learned to reduce sleep deprivation will appear after a series of cognitive function, not only is the basis of attention and lax, also includes the control and decision function advanced. So far, although there are a large number of reliable research on sleep and cognitive interaction, but sleep / sleep deprivation on emotion and Study on emotion regulation is still less. Almost all mood disorders accompanied by sleep abnormalities, suggesting a potential relationship between sleep and mood. In order to verify the function of emotional changes in sleep deprivation and its neural basis, we put forward a research study. Using the task state fMRI, using the method of the study score of emotional pictures the changes in individual sleep deprivation of emotional processing. The results showed that in normal individuals after sleep deprivation not only become more depressed mood, emotion processing ability is more Sleep deprivation is not stable. After watching the emotional pictures, frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, gyrus and cerebellum region enhanced activation in temporal and midbrain than in the normal state, showed decreased activation. Activation of frontal lobe senior regional enhancement may be a potential compensation effect, and is responsible for the wake / sleep in in sleep deprivation after showing a function of damage. And watching the different emotional valence of the picture, after sleep deprivation caused by negative pictures posterior cingulate gyrus and occipital gyrus activation were significantly enhanced, while watching positive pictures without the change of brain activation occurs. This phenomenon may be different in different colour pictures after sleep deprivation for emotional processing.
Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to record the individual in no task under the condition of brain blood oxygen signal, the brain's spontaneous oscillation is believed to reflect the brain activity of the "baseline". For a variety of fMRI sleep deprivation on cognitive function damage is extensive, but the brain spontaneous activity in the study of sleep deprivation is changing less. And, after sleep deprivation corresponding abnormal neural activity in cognitive changes is dispersed in the whole brain. Whether it is the overall processing efficiency of whole brain abnormalities caused abnormal brain activity, and showed a decrease in emotional function behavior? To solve this problem, we put forward two research, by recording the resting brain spontaneous oscillation the use of graph theory analysis, from a global perspective the effects of sleep deprivation on overall brain processing efficiency. The results showed that the negative function of network connectivity in the brain after sleep deprivation in significant reduction Weak, suggesting that the overall decline in the level of the brain. Inhibition and network disorder expectations, sleep deprivation of small world properties compared to the normal state showed enhanced, compensation effect may represent a brain functional network. The effects of sleep deprivation brain network is mainly the lower occipital network and sensorimotor network, little effect more advanced control network. By region and task state of resting state activity changing activation change results, which may reflect the cognitive function in the common neural basis of sleep deprivation change. In addition, significant changes related to the neural network and the participants. These findings may neuroticism score for us to understand the change of the individual emotional function after sleep deprivation potential neural network based, has a certain significance and role of personality play in them.
The effects of sleep deprivation on emotional stability, this paper carried out experimental research from two aspects of the task state and resting state. The experimental results verify the literatures reported sleep deprivation of individual emotional instability enhancement phenomenon, and this phenomenon not only with pure individual emotion processing ability damage, but also related to change the individual in the sleep deprived brain resting state activity.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.6

【参考文献】