急性饮酒对疼痛共情的影响：一项ERP研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 10:22

本文选题：急性饮酒　切入点：共情　出处：《华东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：共情是指对他人情绪状态感知和理解的能力,是一种重要的高级社会情绪。前人研究表明共情包含两个阶段：自下而上的情感反应阶段以及自上而下的认知调节阶段。酒精饮料是一种广受欢迎的饮品。然而,近期一项关于急性饮酒对共情影响的功能核磁共振研究发现,饮酒会降低特定脑区的共情神经活动且改变特定脑区间的功能连接。但由于磁共振的时间分辨率较低,该研究无法说明急性饮酒对共情的哪个阶段产生了影响。本研究采用高时间分辨率的事件相关电位(Event-Related Potentials, ERPs)技术进一步研究急性饮酒对共情加工过程的影响。本研究采用双盲-安慰剂控制的被试内设计,22名健康的社会饮酒者参与了本研究。使用他人肢体受痛或非受痛的图片为刺激材料,要求所有被试在饮酒和安慰剂条件下认真观看图片,其中部分图片需要被试完成疼痛判断任务。研究发现：1)相较于安慰剂组,饮酒后,观看疼痛图片时枕区的N1,额-中区的P1,LPP波幅减小,加工非疼痛图片时额-中区域的LPP波幅减小。表明酒精会特异性地抑制对疼痛刺激的早期视觉加工,普遍性地抑制对信息的晚期的有控制的认知加工。2)在对疼痛共情的加工中,在安慰剂条件下,加工疼痛刺激相比于非疼痛刺激会在左侧中央区诱发N2和LPP产生更正性的偏转。而在酒精条件下,加工疼痛刺激相比于非疼痛刺激会在左侧中央区诱发N2产生更负性的偏转,而LPP则没有显著差异。对疼痛共情的加工存在左侧半球的优势化。表明酒精会抑制共情中自上而下的认知评价成分。
[Abstract]:Empathy refers to the ability to perceive and understand the emotional state of others and is an important high-level social emotion.Previous studies have shown that empathy consists of two stages: the bottom-up stage of emotional response and the top-down stage of cognitive regulation.Alcoholic drinks are a popular drink.However, a recent functional nuclear magnetic resonance study of the effects of acute drinking on empathy found that drinking reduced sympathetic nerve activity in specific brain regions and altered functional connections in specific regions of the brain.But because of the low time resolution of MRI, the study could not tell which stage of empathy was affected by acute alcohol consumption.Event-Related potentials (ERPs) were used to study the effects of acute drinking on the process of empathy.The study involved 22 healthy social drinkers in a double-blind placebo-controlled study.All subjects were asked to look at the images carefully under drinking and placebo conditions, some of which required participants to complete the pain judgment task.The study found that compared with the placebo group, compared with the placebo group, compared with the placebo group, the N _ 1 amplitude of the occipital area and the P _ (1) LPP amplitude of the fronto-central region decreased after drinking, and the LPP amplitude of the front-middle region decreased during the processing of the non-pain image.This suggests that alcohol specifically inhibits early visual processing of pain stimuli, and generally inhibits controlled cognitive processing of late information.Processing pain stimuli induce a corrected deflection of N2 and LPP in the left central region compared with non-pain stimuli.Under alcohol condition, processing pain stimulation induced a more negative N _ 2 deflection in the left central region than non-pain stimulation, but there was no significant difference in LPP.There is a left hemispheric dominance in the processing of pain empathy.This suggests that alcohol inhibits top-down cognitive evaluation components in empathy.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.6

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