网络成瘾者对网络图片的前注意偏向及其神经机制

发布时间：2018-04-05 21:23

本文选题：网络成瘾　切入点：网络图片　出处：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“诱因-易感化”理论认为,成瘾者长时间的接触致瘾信息,导致其神经系统对致瘾信息易感化,进而产生对成瘾相关信息的注意偏向。既往的网络成瘾研究也证实了网瘾者对网络信息存在注意偏向。然而,网瘾者对网络信息的加工,更多是无意识的、自动化的,因此,对网瘾者的研究不应只停留在意识注意层面,还应探索在无意识注意的层面,网瘾者是否同样存在对网络信息的偏向,即是否存在前注意偏向。网络信息的形式丰富多样,我们选择了网瘾者接收到的最主要的视觉图片信息,进行了如下的两个研究:研究一选取网瘾者和非网瘾者各15名,采用视觉点探测掩蔽范式进行了研究。实验要求所有被试对探测点出现的位置进行按键反应。结果表明,当探测点位置与网络图片位置一致时,网瘾者的按键反应时显著短于二者位置不一致时,而非网瘾者不存在显著差异。这说明网瘾者对网络图片存在前注意偏向,根据Franken的认知加工模型,这可能是因为网瘾者频繁接触网络信息,产生了与网络信息相关的记忆偏向,因此能够更加自动化地加工网络信息,但也更难转移对网络信息的注意,从而使得其他信息被忽略。研究二采用翻转的双Block-Oddball范式,探讨网瘾者在神经反应上是否存在对网络图片的前注意偏向。选取被试与研究一相同。研究结果发现,在枕区和颞枕联合区,四种图片的颜色偏差均诱发出了 MMN,但存在图片类型和被试组间差异。就图片类型而言,网瘾组由网络图片诱发的MMN波幅显著高于非网络图片,而非网瘾组由网络图片和非网络图片诱发的MMN波幅无显著差异。被试组间差异主要表现在:①网瘾组由网络图片诱发的MMN波幅均显著大于非网瘾组;②非网瘾组由非网络图片诱发的MMN波幅均显著大于网瘾组。这表明网瘾者在神经反应上存在对网络图片的前注意偏向,根据“诱因-易感化”理论,网瘾者长期接触网络信息,与网络有关的快乐体验不断被强化,导致网瘾者视觉初级皮层的特征探测细胞能够快速分辨网络信息并进行优势加工,以促使具有网络特征的信息能够优先通过前注意的预筛选阶段达到选择性注意阶段。上述两个研究说明,网瘾者在行为表现和神经反应上对网络图片均存在前注意偏向,即在前注意阶段,网瘾者对网络图片的特征探测具有明显的优势加工,这可能与网瘾者奖赏回路和动机环路相关脑区结构和功能的异常有关。
[Abstract]:According to the theory of "inducement-susceptibility to influence", the addict's long contact with the information of addiction causes his nervous system to be easily influenced by the information of addiction, which leads to the bias of attention to the information of addiction.Previous studies on Internet addiction also confirmed that Internet addicts tend to pay attention to internet information.However, the processing of Internet information by Internet addicts is more unconscious and automatic. Therefore, the study of Internet addicts should not only stay at the level of conscious attention, but also explore the level of unconscious attention.Whether Internet addicts have the same bias to network information, that is, whether there is pre-attention bias.The forms of network information are rich and varied. We selected the most important visual picture information received by Internet addicts. We conducted two studies as follows: one study selected 15 Internet addicts and 15 non-Internet addicts each.The visual spot detection masking paradigm is used to study.All subjects were asked to respond to the location of the probe by keystroke.The results show that the keystroke response time of the Internet addicts is significantly shorter than that of the non-Internet addicts when the location of the probe points is the same as that of the network images, and there is no significant difference between the non-Internet addicts and the Internet addicts.According to Franken's cognitive processing model, this may be due to the frequent exposure of Internet addicts to network information, resulting in memory bias related to network information.As a result, network information can be processed more automatically, but it is also more difficult to divert attention from network information, which makes other information ignored.In the second study, we used the double Block-Oddball paradigm to explore whether the neural response of Internet addicts had a prenotice bias to network images.The subjects selected were the same as those in the study.The results showed that MMNs were induced in the occipital region and temporooccipital region, but there were differences between the two groups.As far as image types are concerned, the amplitude of MMN induced by network images in Internet addiction group is significantly higher than that in non-network images, while there is no significant difference in MMN amplitudes induced by network pictures and non-network images in non-network addiction groups.The main difference between the two groups was that the amplitudes of MMN induced by network pictures in the group of 1 to 1 Internet addiction were significantly higher than those in the group without internet addiction group and those in the group of non net addiction group induced by the non-network picture were significantly higher than those in the group of internet addiction group.According to the theory of "inducement-easy influence", Internet addicts are exposed to network information for a long time, and the happy experience related to the network is constantly strengthened.As a result, the feature detection cells of the visual primary cortex of Internet addicts can quickly distinguish the network information and process it preferentially, so that the information with network characteristics can pass through the pre-screening stage of pre-attention to reach the selective attention stage.The above two studies show that Internet addicts have pre-attention bias in behavior performance and neural response to network images, that is, in the pre-attention stage, Internet addicts have obvious advantages in processing the characteristics of network images.This may be related to the abnormal structure and function of brain regions associated with reward and motivation loops in Internet addicts.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B845

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