中学生自我意识与心理健康的关系研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 22:16

本文选题：中学生　切入点：自我意识　出处：《西华师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中学生拥有良好的心理健康水平是他们适应不断变化的社会环境的重要条件,国内和国外众多学者的研究都提示中学生的心理健康状况不太理想,患病率不断增加,并且心理疾病的严重程度越来越恶劣。心理问题的产生是生理原因、心理原因和社会原因三方面共同影响的结果,治疗起来比较困难,所以预防是最佳的治疗手段。本文以初一至高一四个年级的中学生为研究对象,主要探讨自我意识对心理健康的影响及自我意识中哪些维度对中学生心理健康产生的影响最显著,并且探讨性别、城乡等因素对自我意识和心理健康的影响,最后提出了培养中学生积极的自我意识来改善心理健康状况的一些建议,希望能有助于提高教育者和家长们对中学生心理健康的重视。本文用PHCSS和SCL-90对重庆市酉阳县一所普通中学校初一至高一年级的511名中学生实施调查,结果发现:1.中学生自我意识的年级差异具有显著性,自我意识随着中学生年级的逐步增加而不断变化。具体说来,初一到初三逐渐下降,自我意识最低点在初三年级,高一对比初三有所回升。自我意识总体上来说没有显著的性别差异,城市中学生与农村中学生相比,总体上也不存在显著性差异。2.中学生心理健康的性别差异显著,总体来看中学男生比女生心理健康状况要好得多。中学生的心理健康有显著的年级差异,其变化趋势与自我意识发展趋势相似,从初一到初三中学生的心理健康水平不断下降,高一学生的心理健康水平较初三有所提升。初三是中学生心理问题最严重的阶段。生源地不同的中学生在心理健康水平上的差异不具统计意义。3.自我意识与心理健康存在显著的负相关,表现为一个学生如果自我意识发展水平越高,其心理健康量表的得分会越低,证明该学生的心理健康水平越高。自我意识的焦虑维度对心理健康水平的预测作用较大,其次是幸福与满足,再次是合群维度。自我意识的焦虑维度对心理健康的各个因子都具有较高的预测作用;幸福与满足维度对躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、精神病性等等维度的预测作用相对较大。合群维度对心理健康的总分、偏执和精神病性等维度的预测效果较好。在论文的最后部分,根据研究结论向广大教育者及家长们提出了几点建议:如加强中学女生心理健康教育,重视初三学生的心理健康教育,注意对中学男生的行为引导和培养中学生的自我教育,确保其心理健康。
[Abstract]:High school students have a good level of mental health is an important condition for them to adapt to the changing social environment. Many scholars at home and abroad have pointed out that the mental health status of middle school students is not ideal and the prevalence rate is increasing.And the severity of mental illness is getting worse and worse.The emergence of psychological problems is the result of the joint effects of physiological, psychological and social reasons, so prevention is the best treatment method.This paper mainly discusses the influence of self-consciousness on mental health and which dimensions of self-consciousness have the most significant influence on the mental health of middle school students.The influence of urban and rural factors on self-awareness and mental health. Finally, some suggestions on how to improve mental health status by cultivating positive self-awareness of middle school students are put forward.Hope to help educators and parents to pay attention to the mental health of middle school students.In this paper, PHCSS and SCL-90 were used to investigate 511 middle school students from grade one to grade one in a general middle school in Youyang County, Chongqing. The results showed that: 1.The grade difference of middle school students' self-consciousness is significant, and self-consciousness changes with the increase of middle school students' grade.Specifically, the first and third grade gradually decline, the lowest self-awareness in the third grade, the first year compared with the third grade rebounded.There is no significant gender difference between urban middle school students and rural middle school students, and there is no significant difference between urban middle school students and rural middle school students.The gender difference in mental health of middle school students is significant. Generally speaking, the mental health status of middle school boys is much better than that of girls.There is significant grade difference in mental health of middle school students, and its changing trend is similar to the development trend of self-consciousness. The level of mental health of middle school students from the first to the third year of junior high school is declining continuously, and the mental health level of the first grade students of senior high school is higher than that of the third grade.The third grade is the most serious stage of middle school students' psychological problems.The difference of mental health level of middle school students from different places has no statistical significance. 3.There is a significant negative correlation between self-consciousness and mental health. The higher the level of self-awareness development, the lower the score of mental health scale, which proves that the students' mental health level is higher.The anxiety dimension of self-consciousness plays an important role in predicting the level of mental health, followed by happiness and satisfaction, and then group-like dimension.The anxiety dimension of self-consciousness has a high predictive effect on each factor of mental health, and the dimension of happiness and satisfaction has a relatively greater predictive effect on the dimensions of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, psychosis and so on.The total score of mental health, paranoid ideation and psychosis were predicted well by group dimension.In the last part of the paper, according to the conclusion of the study, some suggestions are put forward to the educators and parents: strengthening the mental health education of middle school girls and paying attention to the mental health education of the junior high school students.Attention should be paid to the behavior guidance and self-education of middle school boys to ensure their mental health.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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