羞怯个体对情境信息的解释偏向

发布时间：2018-04-13 12:15

本文选题：羞怯 + 认知偏向　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：羞怯是一种普遍的人格特质,和社交焦虑具有高度的相似性。大量研究证实,社交焦虑个体有注意、记忆和解释三种认知偏向。羞怯的相关研究也发现了羞怯个体注意偏向、解释偏向的存在。对羞怯个体解释偏向的研究比较匮乏,已有的研究还不能够深入的揭示羞怯个体对情境信息的解释偏向特点。为此,本研究包括设计了三个研究共5个实验,来探讨羞怯个体对情境信息的解释偏向特点:研究1中包含一个实验,即实验1,采用单因素被试间设计,使用模棱两可故事情境确认羞怯个体解释偏向的存在。研究2包含两个实验。实验2a采用2(羞怯:高/低羞怯)×3(事件效价:正/中/负性事件)×2(自我相关:自我/非自我)的混合实验设计,考察羞怯个体对不同效价事件类型的解释偏向的特点,同时也考察这一解释偏向跨自我/非自我相关情境的差异。实验2b在实验2a的基础上,采用2(羞怯:高/低羞怯)×2(解释类型:积极/消极解释)的混合实验设计,考察面对与自我相关的负性事件,被试积极解释偏向和消极解释偏向的具体特点。研究3包含两个实验。实验3a采用2(羞怯:高/低羞怯)×2(情境清晰度:清晰/模糊情境事件)×2(自我相关:自我/非自我)的混合实验设计,考察羞怯个体对不同清晰度情境信息的解释偏向,同时考察其跨自我-非自我相关条件下的一致性。实验3b在实验3a的基础上,采用2(羞怯:高/低羞怯)×2(解释类型:积极解释/消极解释)的两因素混合实验设计,考察不同羞怯水平羞怯个体对与自我相关的模糊情境信息的积极解释和消极解释偏向的特点。综合五个实验的结果,得出如下结论:(1)相对于低羞怯个体,面对中性和负性事件,高羞怯个体倾向于做出威胁性的解释偏向;对于正性事件,高羞怯个体和低羞怯个体解释偏向差异仅仅边缘显著。(2)面对的情境信息与自我相关时,被试的解释偏向高于非自我相关条件;(3)相较于低羞怯个体,高羞怯个体在清晰情境和模糊情境信息上,都存在更高的解释偏向;(4)高羞怯个体并不缺乏积极解释,而是存在较多的消极解释偏向。
[Abstract]:Shyness is a universal personality trait that is highly similar to social anxiety.A large number of studies have confirmed that individuals with social anxiety have three cognitive biases: attention, memory and interpretation.Shyness related studies also found the existence of sheepish individual attention bias and explanatory bias.There is a lack of research on the interpretation bias of shyness individuals, and the existing research can not reveal the characteristics of interpretation bias of shy individuals to situational information in depth.Therefore, five experiments were designed to explore the interpretation bias of shy individuals to situational information. In study 1, there was an experiment, that is, experiment 1, which was designed between subjects with one factor.Use ambiguous story situations to confirm the existence of sheepish individual interpretation bias.Study 2 consists of two experiments.In experiment 2a, the mixed experimental design of 2 (shyness: high / low shyness) 脳 3 (event titer: positive / medium / negative events) 脳 2 (self correlation: self / non self) was used to investigate the characteristics of the interpretation bias of shy individuals to different titer event types.At the same time, the difference of the interpretation bias between self-related and non-self-related situations was examined.On the basis of experiment 2a, experiment 2b was designed to study the negative events related to self by using the mixed experimental design of 2 (shyness: high / low shyness) 脳 2 (interpretation type: positive / negative explanation).The specific characteristics of positive interpretation bias and negative interpretation bias were studied.Study 3 consists of two experiments.In experiment 3a, a mixed experiment of 2 (shyness: high / low shyness) 脳 2 (situational clarity: clear / fuzzy situational events) 脳 2 (self correlation: self / non self) was used to investigate the interpretation bias of shy individuals to different articulation situations.At the same time, the consistency of cross-self-non-self-related condition was investigated.On the basis of experiment 3a, experiment 3b adopted a two-factor mixed experimental design of 2 (shyness: high / low shyness) 脳 2 (interpretation type: positive explanation / negative explanation).The characteristics of positive and negative interpretations of self-related fuzzy situational information by individuals with different shyness levels were investigated.Synthesizing the results of the five experiments, we can draw the following conclusion: (1) in the face of neutral and negative events, high shy individuals tend to make menacing interpretations relative to low shyness individuals; for positive events, they tend to make threatening interpretations.When the contextual information faced by the individuals with high shyness and low shyness is only significantly different from that of the individuals with low shyness, the interpretation bias of the subjects is higher than that of the non-self-related individuals (P < 0.05), compared with that of the individuals with low shyness.There is a higher interpretation bias in both clear situation and fuzzy context information) the high shy individual does not lack positive explanation, but has more negative interpretation bias.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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