大学生创业特质对创业倾向的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 13:07

本文选题：创业倾向 + 应对方式　；参考：《南昌大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：创新创业是实现经济增长的“双引擎”之一,探究大学生创业倾向的影响因素和作用过程,促进潜在大学生创业者向实际创业者转变,有利于缓解当前就业压力、促进大学创业教育改革和响应“大众创业,万众创新”的时代要求。本研究以性别、年级、专业、出生地和父母亲朋是否创业为控制变量,应对方式为中介变量分为积极应对与消极应对两个维度,将自变量大学生创业特质分为成就需求、内控制源和风险承担三个维度,将因变量创业倾向分为创业意愿和创业可行性两个维度,分别采用已有成熟量表,对南昌大学463名在校大学生进行研究,并使用SPSS22.0软件对收集到的问卷数据进行描述性统计分析、单因素方差分析、独立样本t检验、相关分析、层级回归分析和中介回归分析,研究结果及结论如下:(1)男、女大学生在创业意愿、创业可行性、风险承担和积极应对上有显著差异,且男性得分高于女性,在成就需求、内控制源和消极应对上无显著差异;年级因素上,大四创业可行性得分显著高于其他三个年级,大二、大三年级的积极应对水平低于其他两个年级;专业的不同导致在内控制源、积极应对和消极应对得分水平上有显著性差异,在成就需求水平、风险承担、创业意愿和创业可行性得分水平上无显著差异;出生地因素上,来自农村的大学生比来自城镇的大学生有更强的创业倾向,但风险承担水平更低,在其他维度上两者无显著差异;父母亲朋是否创业只对大学生的创业倾向有显著影响。(2)具有显著正向影响的有:成就需求、内控制源分别对积极应对、创业意愿和创业可行性具有正向影响;风险承担分别对创业意愿和积极应对具有正向影响;积极应对分别对创业意愿和创业可行性具有正向影响。(3)具有显著负向影响的有:成就需求、内控制源和风险承担分别对消极应对有负向影响;消极应对分别对创业意愿和创业可行性有负向影响(4)起中介作用的有:积极应对、消极应对分别在成就需求、内控制源、风险承担与创业意愿关系中起中介作用;积极应对方式在内控制源与创业可行性关系中起中介作用;消极应对在成就需求与创业可行性关系中起中介作用。(5)未通过的有:风险承担对创业可行性的影响;消极应对对创业意愿的影响;积极应对在风险承担与创业可行性间的中介作用;消极应对分别在内控制源、风险承担与创业可行性间的中介作用。(6)大学生创业倾向受创业特质的影响,且应对方式在其中起部分中介作用。
[Abstract]:Innovation and entrepreneurship is one of the "twin engines" to realize economic growth. To explore the influencing factors and process of college students' entrepreneurial tendency, and to promote the transformation of potential university students' entrepreneurs to actual entrepreneurs, is helpful to alleviate the current employment pressure.To promote the reform of university entrepreneurship education and to respond to the requirements of the times of mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation.In this study, gender, grade, specialty, place of birth and parents and friends as control variables, coping style as intermediary variables are divided into two dimensions: positive coping and negative coping, and the independent variables of college students' entrepreneurial characteristics are divided into achievement needs.According to three dimensions of internal control source and risk bearing, the dependent variable entrepreneurial propensity was divided into two dimensions: entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial feasibility. 463 college students in Nanchang University were studied with the existing maturity scale.Using SPSS22.0 software, the questionnaire data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, single factor variance analysis, independent sample t-test, correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis and intermediary regression analysis. The results and conclusions of the study were as follows: 1) male.There were significant differences in entrepreneurial willingness, entrepreneurial feasibility, risk-taking and positive coping among female college students, and the scores of male students were higher than those of females, and there was no significant difference in achievement demand, internal control source and negative coping.The scores of entrepreneurial feasibility of senior students were significantly higher than those of the other three grades. The positive coping level of sophomore and junior grade was lower than that of the other two grades.There was no significant difference in achievement demand level, risk taking, entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial feasibility score. In birthplace factors, college students from rural areas had stronger entrepreneurial tendency than those from urban areas, but the risk assumption level was lower.In other dimensions, there was no significant difference between them; whether parents and friends had a significant impact on college students' entrepreneurial tendency. Those who had significant positive effects were: achievement demand, internal control source, positive coping, respectively.Entrepreneurial willingness and feasibility have a positive impact, risk-taking has a positive impact on entrepreneurial willingness and positive coping.Positive coping has a significant negative impact on entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial feasibility respectively: achievement demand, internal control source and risk bearing have negative effects on negative coping;Negative coping has a negative influence on entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial feasibility. (4) positive coping, negative coping plays an intermediary role in the relationship between achievement demand, internal control source, risk bearing and entrepreneurial willingness;The positive coping style plays an intermediary role in the relationship between the source of internal control and the feasibility of entrepreneurship, and negative coping plays an intermediary role in the relationship between the need for achievement and the feasibility of entrepreneurship.The influence of negative coping on entrepreneurial willingness; the intermediary role of active coping between risk-taking and entrepreneurial feasibility; the negative coping with the source of internal control, respectively;Risk taking and entrepreneurial feasibility. 6) the entrepreneurial tendency of college students is affected by entrepreneurial characteristics, and coping styles play a part of the intermediary role.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2;G647.38

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