心理理论和父母教养行为对3-5岁幼儿说谎行为的影响

发布时间：2018-04-21 00:31

本文选题：幼儿 + 说谎行为　；参考：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：幼儿说谎行为的习得是其社会认知发展的一个重要方面。现有研究已经发现幼儿说谎行为存在年龄差异,以及心理理论等个体认知因素对说谎行为可能存在影响,但心理理论对幼儿说谎行为影响的研究结果并不一致。除了个体认知因素外,家庭因素比如父母教养行为对幼儿说谎行为的影响以及幼儿说谎过程中策略的运用也少有研究关注。在已有研究基础上,本研究选取309名3-5岁幼儿为研究对象,采用“猜谜游戏”任务对幼儿说谎行为进行考察。同时,本研究对幼儿的心理理论进行了测量,并收集了父母教养行为信息,以探讨这些因素对幼儿说谎行为的影响及共同作用机制。主要结果如下:(1)幼儿说谎行为的发生率在3到4岁之间迅速发展,4到5岁之间基本保持稳定。幼儿的说谎策略随年龄增长而发展,年龄越大,幼儿说谎策略得分越高,维持谎言的能力越强。女生比男生更能维持自己的谎言。(2)心理理论影响幼儿的说谎策略。总体上,幼儿的内容错误信念显著正向预测幼儿的说谎策略。心理理论对说谎策略的影响存在年龄差异:3岁幼儿心理理论与说谎策略相关不显著;4岁幼儿的心理理论总分与说谎策略显著正相关;5岁幼儿的内容错误信念与说谎策略显著正相关。(3)母亲教养行为影响幼儿的说谎策略。总体上,母亲限制对幼儿说谎策略有显著正向预测作用,并且心理理论在母亲限制与说谎策略间起中介作用。母亲教养行为对说谎策略的影响存在年龄差异:3岁幼儿的说谎策略与母亲教养行为相关不显著;4岁幼儿的说谎策略与母亲拒绝呈显著负相关;5岁幼儿的母亲限制行为可以显著正向预测其说谎策略。综上,得出如下结论:3-5岁之间,幼儿的说谎行为随年龄增长而发展。心理理论和母亲教养行为影响幼儿的说谎策略。心理理论在母亲教养行为和幼儿说谎策略间起部分中介作用。
[Abstract]:The acquisition of children's lying behavior is an important aspect of their social cognitive development. Existing studies have found that there are age differences in children's lying behavior, and individual cognitive factors such as theory of mind may have an effect on lying behavior, but the results of research on the influence of theory of mind on children's lying behavior are not consistent. In addition to individual cognitive factors, the influence of family factors such as parental rearing behavior on toddlers' lying behavior and the use of strategies in the process of children's lying are seldom studied. Based on the previous studies, 309 children aged 3-5 years old were selected to study their lying behavior with the task of "guessing game". At the same time, this study measured the child's psychological theory and collected the information of parental rearing behavior to explore the influence of these factors on the children's lying behavior and the mechanism of their common action. The main results are as follows: (1) the incidence of lying behavior in young children develops rapidly between the ages of 3 and 4 and remains stable between the ages of 4 and 5. Children's lying strategies develop with age. The older the children are, the higher the score of lying strategies is, and the stronger the ability of maintaining lies is. Girls are more able to maintain their own lies than boys. (2) Theory of mind affects children's lying strategies. In general, children's false belief in content significantly positively predicted children's lying strategies. Influence of Theory of mind on lying Strategies there is an age difference between the theory of mind and lying strategies in children of 3 years of age. There is no significant correlation between the theory of mind and lying strategies in children of 4 years old. There is a significant positive correlation between the total score of theory of mind and lying strategies and the content error beliefs and theories of children of 5 years old. Lie strategies were significantly positively correlated. 3) the mother's upbringing behavior influenced toddlers' lying strategies. In general, mother restriction has a significant positive predictive effect on the lying strategies of young children, and the theory of mind plays an intermediary role between mother restriction and lying strategies. There is an age difference between the influence of mother's rearing behavior on lying strategy. There is no significant correlation between lying strategy and mother's upbringing behavior in children of 3 years old. There is a significant negative correlation between lying strategy and mother's refusal in children of 4 years old, and the restriction of mother in children of 5 years old. Behavior can significantly positively predict its lying strategy. In summary, the following conclusions are drawn: children's lying behavior develops with age between 3-5 and 3-5 years of age. The theory of mind and mother's upbringing behavior affect the lying strategies of young children. The theory of mind plays an intermediary role between the mother's upbringing behavior and the child's lying strategy.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848.4

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