混合表扬对儿童动机取向的影响

发布时间：2018-04-26 07:24

本文选题：混合表扬 + 个人表扬　；参考：《江西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究者一直试图探讨如何表扬孩子的成功才能使孩子更好地应对后续的挫折。西方研究者发现了混合表扬的存在,并通过成人对儿童在一个任务中所使用的个人表扬和过程表扬的比例来对混合表扬进行具体化操作。前人研究发现儿童在5-6岁的时候便能敏感地觉察到混合表扬中个人表扬和过程表扬的不同比例。但是,混合表扬在不同的文化背景下的影响效果是怎样的?以及混合表扬对不同性别以及不同年龄阶段儿童的影响效果是怎样的?这些问题都是我们试图探索的。本研究借鉴前人研究范式对不同比例的混合表扬进行具体化操作,并根据研究实际对实验材料进行一定的改编。该研究范式包含了两个实验阶段:成功任务阶段和失败任务阶段。在成功任务阶段,被试成功地完成了4个瑞文推理测验题,并且每个题目之后被试会获得相应的个人表扬或者过程表扬;在失败任务阶段,被试没能成功完成2个瑞文推理测验题。最后是对被试的动机取向进行测量。研究一选取了150名5-6岁儿童,采用了不同比例的混合表扬对儿童的任务表现进行表扬,并对儿童的动机取向进行测查。在此基础上,研究二继续选取了150名10岁以上的儿童,采用相同的实验范式,试图在研究一的基础上继续探索混合表扬对不同年龄被试的影响。综合本研究结果,得出以下结论:(1)低龄儿童可能无法准确理解能力、努力和结果的关系,无法区分个人表扬和过程表扬;(2)混合表扬的比例会影响高龄儿童的自我评价和坚持性,随着混合表扬中过程表扬比例的不断增加,儿童的自我评价和坚持性也增加;(3)混合表扬对高龄儿童动机取向的影响不存在性别差异;(4)年龄是影响混合表扬对儿童动机取向影响效果的重要因素。
[Abstract]:Researchers have been trying to explore how to praise a child's success in order to better cope with subsequent setbacks. Western researchers have discovered the existence of mixed praise and concretized it through the proportion of individual praise and process praise used by adults to children in a task. Previous studies have found that children aged 5-6 can sensitively perceive the different proportions of individual praise and process praise in mixed praise. But what are the effects of mixed praise in different cultural contexts? And what are the effects of mixed praise on children of different genders and ages? These are the problems we are trying to explore. This study uses the previous research paradigm for reference to concretize the different proportion of mixed praise, and adapts the experimental materials according to the research practice. The research paradigm consists of two experimental phases: the successful task phase and the failure task phase. In the successful task phase, the subjects successfully completed 4 Raven reasoning test questions, and the subjects were given corresponding personal or process praise after each question. The subjects failed to successfully complete 2 Raven reasoning test questions. Finally, the motivation orientation of the subjects was measured. In the first study, 150 children aged 5 to 6 years were selected, and different proportion of mixed praise was used to praise children's task performance, and the motivation of children was tested. On this basis, the second study continued to select 150 children over 10 years of age, using the same experimental paradigm, trying to continue to explore the impact of mixed praise on subjects of different ages on the basis of the first study. Based on the results of the present study, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Young children may not be able to understand the ability accurately, and the relationship between effort and outcome, and the proportion of mixed praise between individual praise and process praise can affect the self-evaluation and persistence of older children. With the increasing proportion of praise in the process of mixed praise, Children's self-evaluation and persistence also increased (3) the influence of mixed praise on the motivation orientation of older children there is no gender difference (4) age is an important factor affecting the effect of mixed praise on children's motivation orientation.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

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