共情的性别差异及其可能的影响因素

发布时间：2018-04-28 15:35

本文选题：共情 + 性别差异　；参考：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2014年04期

【摘要】：共情是分享和理解他人情绪并对他人处境做出反应的能力。共情中的性别差异受到了社会心理学、演化心理学、发展心理学和认知神经科学等多个学科的关注。尽管研究者们对共情性别差异的意见尚有不一致的地方,但来自主观报告、行为实验、心理疾病分析和生理心理学测量等方面的研究结果还是表明共情确实存在一定的性别差异。共情的性别差异可能直接来源于个体家庭内和家庭外的社会化过程,以及个体信息和情绪加工心理特征的差异,共情的性别差异更深层的原因可能是包含激素水平和大脑机能在内的生理基础的差异,而共情中性别差异的最终原因也许可以追溯到演化上的性别原型。
[Abstract]:Empathy is the ability to share and understand the emotions of others and respond to their situations. The gender differences in empathy are concerned by social psychology, evolutionary psychology, developmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Although the researchers disagree on the gender differences of empathy, they come from subjective reports and behavioral experiments. The results of psychological disease analysis and physiological psychological measurement show that there are some gender differences in empathy. The gender differences of empathy may be directly derived from the socialization process within and outside the family, as well as the differences in the psychological characteristics of individual information and emotional processing. The deeper reason for the sex difference in empathy may be the difference of physiological basis including hormone level and brain function, while the ultimate cause of gender difference in empathy may be traced back to the evolution of the sex prototype.
【作者单位】：北京大学心理学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“共情两成分发展的心理机制:家庭教养环境和基因多态性的共同作用“(31371040),项目负责人:苏彦捷;国家自然科学基金“亲社会行为的个体差异研究:基因-激素-行为的视角”(31170995),项目负责人:苏彦捷
【分类号】：B842

【参考文献】