背景音乐与注意、工作记忆及学习效率的关系实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 18:03

本文选题：背景音乐 + 注意稳定性　；参考：《青海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：拥有好的注意稳定性、工作记忆和学习效率能够帮助人们在有限的时间内获得更多的知识与信息。因此如何增强大学生学习时的专注程度、提高记忆和提升学习效率则受到广大教育工作者的重视。近些年来,Lozanov以及其引领的一大批心理学家与教育学家研究发现在节拍为60-70拍/分钟的舒缓的背景音乐下,人们的注意、记忆和学习效率会有提升。基于此背景,采用实验法研究不同类型的背景音乐下大学生注意稳定性、工作记忆广度与学习效率的差异以及注意稳定性、工作记忆广度与学习效率的关系。研究分为三个子实验与一个后续实验,实验一采用psykey心理测评系统研究了不同类型背景音乐下大学生注意稳定性的差异,实验二采用psykey心理测评系统研究了不同类型背景音乐下大学生工作记忆广度的差异,实验三通过Eprime分别探讨不同类型背景音乐下,大学生对中、英文材料的学习效率的差异,后续实验采用psykey心理测评系统研究了不同音量大小下大学生注意稳定性的差异。研究结果表明:(1)舒缓的背景音乐具有提升大学生注意稳定性的倾向,其中音量大小为65dB时,舒缓背景音乐对注意稳定性的提升作用最显著,激昂的背景音乐具有干扰大学生注意稳定性的倾向。(2)舒缓背景音乐对大学生工作记忆广度无显著的提升作用,激昂的背景音乐对大学生工作记忆广度有显著的干扰倾向。(3)相对于激昂的背景音乐,舒缓的背景音乐对英文材料学习效率有着显著的提升作用,但是相对于无背景音乐,舒缓背景音乐对英文材料的学习效率提升作用不显著。相对于无背景音乐,激昂的背景音乐有着显著的干扰作用。(4)相对于激昂的背景音乐,舒缓的背景音乐对中文材料学习效率有着显著的提升作用,但是相对于无背景音乐,舒缓背景音乐的对中文材料的学习效率提升作用不显著。相对于无背景音乐,激昂的背景音乐对中文学习材料有着显著的干扰作用。(5)注意稳定性与工作记忆广度和中英文学习效率存在显著的正相关,工作记忆广度与中英文学习效率存在显著的正相关。(6)工作记忆广度在注意稳定性与英文学习效率之间起着中介作用,工作记忆广度在注意稳定性与中文学习效率中起着中介作用。研究最后指出当今对音乐影响认知与学习的研究尚未成熟,我们不可盲目使用音乐来提升学习效率。
[Abstract]:Good attention stability, working memory and learning efficiency can help people gain more knowledge and information in limited time. Therefore, how to enhance the concentration, memory and learning efficiency of college students is paid more attention by many educators. In recent years Lozanov and a large number of psychologists and educators led by him have found that in a soothing background music with a beat of 60-70 beats per minute people's attention memory and learning efficiency improve. Based on this background, the relationship between attention stability, working memory span and learning efficiency, the relationship between working memory span and learning efficiency, and the relationship between working memory span and learning efficiency were studied by experimental method. The study is divided into three sub-experiments and a follow-up experiment. Experiment one is to study the differences of attention stability of college students under different types of background music by using psykey psychological evaluation system. Experiment 2 used psykey psychological evaluation system to study the differences of working memory span of college students under different types of background music. Experiment 3 explored the differences of learning efficiency between Chinese and English materials under different types of background music through Eprime. The psykey psychological evaluation system was used to study the difference of attention stability among college students at different volume levels. The results showed that the soothing background music had the tendency to improve the attention stability of college students. When the volume was 65dB, the soothing background music had the most significant effect on the stability of attention. Intense background music has a tendency to interfere with the attention stability of college students. (2) soothing background music has no significant effect on working memory span of college students. Intense background music has a significant interference tendency to the working memory span of college students.) compared with the excited background music, the soothing background music has a significant effect on the learning efficiency of English materials, but compared with the non-background music, it has a significant effect on the learning efficiency of English materials. Soothing background music has no significant effect on the learning efficiency of English materials. Compared with the background music without background, the excited background music has a significant interference with the excited background music, and the soothing background music has a significant effect on the learning efficiency of Chinese materials, but it has a significant effect on the learning efficiency of the Chinese materials, but compared with the non-background music, the background music has a significant effect on the learning efficiency of the Chinese materials. The effect of soothing background music on the learning efficiency of Chinese materials is not significant. Compared with non-background music, intense background music has a significant interference with Chinese learning materials.) attention stability has a significant positive correlation with working memory span and learning efficiency in both Chinese and English. There is a significant positive correlation between working memory span and English and Chinese learning efficiency. (6) working memory span plays an intermediary role between attention stability and English learning efficiency. Working memory span plays an intermediary role in attention stability and Chinese learning efficiency. At the end of the study, it is pointed out that the current research on the influence of music on cognition and learning is not mature, and we should not blindly use music to improve learning efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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