大学新生自我怜悯与焦虑的关系及其干预研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 21:13

本文选题：自我怜悯 + 焦虑　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：尽管进入大学通常被人们认为是一件积极的生活事件,可是随着生活节奏的加快,各方面的精神压力也与日俱增,这样一来体验到焦虑情绪的人数越来越多,在这种大的社会环境下,大学校园也不可避免的受到了影响,不得不引起高度重视。尽管适度的焦虑在某种生活场景中具有一定的积极意义,但持续高水平的焦虑情绪不仅会影响学习效率,更是对生理健康和心理健康有重大的威胁。被焦虑情绪所困的大学生轻者抑郁自闭、社会交际能力低,重者会自杀。焦虑不仅影响了大学生的身心健康,还影响到了社会的发展与进步。特别是刚踏入大学校门的新生,其认知具有片面性,在面临多样性压力的同时还有很多的适应问题,更容易造成焦虑情绪的产生。自我怜悯在积极心理学里是一个比较新的领域,该概念被构建以来,大量的研究证实了其具有较高的理论价值和应用价值,它与人的许多种积极情感存在显著关系,对人们心理健康水平的改善和幸福感的提升有着重要的作用。为了验证自我怜悯与焦虑之间的关系,了解自我怜悯对焦虑所能产生的影响,从而为大学新生心理健康的改善提供一种新的途径,本文做了三个部分的研究:第一,对大学新生的自我怜悯与焦虑的现状进行调查分析;第二,对大学新生自我怜悯与焦虑的关系进行研究;第三,设计发展性团体心理辅导的方案,通过干预来提高大学新生的自我怜悯水平,进而降低其焦虑水平。研究一和研究二选取了某大学的506名大学新生作为被试,有效被试484人,进行问卷调查。研究三采用实验组对照组对比试验设计,在某大学选取66名大学新生分为两个组,一个组作为实验组(33人),另一个组作为对照组(33人),对试验组的被试进行八次发展性团体心理辅导,由于在活动期间实验组有三名被试流失,所以就采用完整参加了8次团体心理辅导的30名大学新生的数据,对照组也采用30人数据。研究结果如下:研究一表明:大学新生的自我怜悯水平受到性别、专业的显著影响,是否独生子女、城乡来源、家庭经济情况对其影响不显著;大学新生的焦虑水平受到家庭经济情况、专业的影响显著,性别、是否独生子女、城乡来源对其影响不显著。研究二表明:大学新生的自我怜悯及自我友善、普遍人性感、正念这三个维度与焦虑水平间均呈显著负相关,自我评判、孤立感、过度沉溺这三个维度与焦虑水平呈显著正相关,且过度沉溺、自我友善、孤立感和正念对焦虑有显著的预测作用。研究三表明:发展性团体心理辅导能够显著提高大学新生的自我怜悯水平,并降低其焦虑水平。
[Abstract]:Although entering the university is usually regarded as a positive life event, with the quickening of the pace of life, the pressure of all aspects of the spirit is increasing, so that the number of people experiencing anxiety is increasing. In this big social environment, the university campus is inevitably affected and has to be high. Although moderate anxiety has certain positive significance in a certain life scene, the persistent high level of anxiety not only affects the learning efficiency, but also has a great threat to the physical and mental health. The students who are trapped by anxiety are depressed and autistic, the social communication ability is low, the heavy people will commit suicide. It affects the physical and mental health of college students, and affects the development and progress of the society. In particular, the freshmen who have just stepped into the college entrance are one-sided, and they have a lot of adaptation problems while facing the pressure of diversity, and they are more prone to cause anxiety. Self pity is a relatively new field in positive psychology. Since the concept was constructed, a large number of studies have proved that it has a high theoretical and practical value. It has a significant relationship with many kinds of positive emotions, and has an important role in improving the level of mental health and improving the sense of happiness. Considering the influence that can produce, it provides a new way to improve the mental health of freshmen. This article has done three parts: first, to investigate and analyze the status of self pity and anxiety of freshmen; second, study the relationship between self pity and anxiety of freshmen; and third, design developmental group psychology. To improve the self pity level of freshmen by intervention, and then to reduce their anxiety level. Study 1 and study two selected 506 college freshmen in a university as subjects, 484 effective subjects, and conducted questionnaires. Three the experimental group was designed by the experimental group, and 66 college freshmen were selected at a university. The group was divided into two groups, one group as the experimental group (33 people), the other group as the control group (33 people), and eight developmental group counseling for the test group. Since three subjects were lost in the experiment group during the activity, 30 college freshmen who participated in 8 group counseling were used, and the control group was also used for 30. The results are as follows: the study shows that the level of self pity of college freshmen is affected by sex and specialty, whether the only child, urban and rural source, and family economy have no significant impact on it; the anxiety level of the freshmen is affected by the family economy, the gender, the only child, the urban and rural origin. The two studies showed that the three dimensions of self pity and self friendliness of the freshmen were negatively correlated with the level of anxiety, and the three dimensions of self judgment, isolation and overindulgence were positively correlated with anxiety level, and excessive addiction, self friendliness, isolation and mindfulness to anxiety. Research three shows that developmental group counseling can significantly improve the self pity level of college freshmen and reduce their anxiety level.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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