不同自我建构启动下大学生的羞耻感应对选择研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 06:30

本文选题：独立自我 + 依存自我　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：跨文化研究表明,个体主义文化背景下,个体在羞耻感应对中倾向于防御,而集体主义文化背景下,个体在羞耻感应对中倾向于修复。本文认为这一差异受到不同自我建构的影响。Markus和Kitayama的自我建构理论认为:文化塑造自我建构,自我建构影响认知、行为及情感,文化、自我建构及认知行为情感三者之间形成一种动态的交互影响的环形系统。本文以这一理论为基础,在同一文化背景下,通过研究一和研究二探讨自我建构与羞耻感应对策略选择之间的联系。研究一在自我建构启动条件下,先探讨自我建构对道德羞耻感、能力羞耻感的影响,结果发现:(1)能力羞耻情境中,被试在独立自我启动之下羞耻感受相对更高;(2)道德羞耻情境中,被试在依存自我启动之下羞耻感受相对更高。研究二在自我建构启动条件下,依次唤起道德羞耻感、能力羞耻感,再呈现羞耻感应对策略供被试表达其选择倾向性,结果发现:(1)依存自我启动下与独立自我启动下相比,个体羞耻应对模式里“寻求支持”这一修复型策略的所占据的地位更高,同时“否认”这一防御型策略所占据的地位更低。(2)独立自我启动之下,个体在能力羞耻情境中,相比于道德羞耻情境中,其羞耻应对模式里防御型策略所占据的地位更低。(3)依存自我启动之下,个体在道德羞耻情境中,相比于能力羞耻情境中,其羞耻应对模式里防御型策略所占据的地位更低。(4)独立自我启动之下或者在依存自我启动之下,个体在高羞耻情境中相比于低羞耻情境中,其羞耻应对模式里防御型策略所占据的地位都更高。结论:(1)依存自我相比于独立自我,在道德羞耻体验方面有认知加工优势,而独立自我相比于依存自我,在能力羞耻体验方面有认知加工优势。(2)个体在依存自我启动之下相比于在独立自我启动之下,更侧重于选择修复型策略,同时倾向于弱化防御型策略。(3)独立自我启动之下,个体在能力羞耻情境中相比道德羞耻情境中更倾向于弱化防御型策略。(4)依存自我启动之下,个体在道德羞耻情境中相比能力羞耻情境中更倾向于弱化防御型策略。(5)无论在独立自我还是依存自我启动之下,个体在高羞耻情境中相比低羞耻情境中都更侧重于选择防御型策略。
[Abstract]:Cross-cultural studies show that in the context of individualism, individuals tend to defend in coping with shame, while in the context of collectivism, individuals tend to repair in response to shame. This paper holds that this difference is influenced by different self-construction. Markus and Kitayama's self-construction theory holds that: culture shapes self-construction, self-construction influences cognition, behavior and emotion, culture, Self-construction and cognitive-behavioral emotion form a dynamic interactive ring system. Based on this theory and under the same cultural background, this paper explores the relationship between self-construction and shame coping strategy selection through research 1 and 2. First of all, under the condition of self-construction, the influence of self-construction on the sense of moral shame and the sense of shame of ability is explored. The results show that in the situation of shame of ability, In the context of independent self-priming, the sense of shame was higher than that of self-priming, and the sense of shame was higher under self-priming. The second study, under the condition of self-construction priming, evokes moral shame, ability shame, and then presents shame coping strategies for participants to express their preferences. The results show that: 1) dependency self-priming is compared with independent self-priming. In the individual shame coping model, the "seek support", a repair strategy, occupies a higher position, while "deny" this defensive strategy occupies a lower position. 2) under the independent self-priming, the individual is in the ability shame situation. Compared with the situation of moral shame, the defensive strategy occupies a lower position in the model of shame coping than that in the context of moral shame, and the individual in the context of moral shame, compared with the situation of shame of ability, is under the self-initiation of dependency. In the shame coping model, the defensive strategy occupies a lower position.) under the independent self-priming or the dependent self-priming, the individual is in the high shame situation than in the low shame situation. The defensive strategy occupies a higher position in the shame coping mode. Conclusion (1) compared with the independent self, the dependent self has the advantage of cognitive processing in the moral shame experience, while the independent self is relative to the dependent self. In the aspect of ability shame experience, there is cognitive processing advantage. (2) individuals under dependency self-priming are more focused on selecting restorative strategies than on independent self-priming, and tend to weaken defense-type strategies under independent self-priming. Individuals tend to weaken defense-type strategies under self-initiation than in moral shame situations. Individuals tend to weaken defensive strategies in moral shame situations than in ability shame situations. Individuals in high shame situations are more focused on defensive strategies than in low shame situations.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

【参考文献】