单、双相抑郁患者对面部表情注意偏向的脑电特征

发布时间：2018-05-30 07:01

本文选题：注意偏向 + 双相障碍　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：注意偏向(Attention bias)是指一种有选择性地注意某类信息的倾向,注意偏向作为认知功能的重要成分,一直以来备受关注,也被很多研究者认为在情绪障碍的发生、发展以及维持中起重要作用。近年来,大量研究表明抑郁个体存在对负性情绪信息的注意偏向。而在临床工作中常被误诊为抑郁症的双相抑郁情感障碍的注意偏向研究尚还缺乏。因此,寻找可以区分单、双相抑郁障碍在不同情绪的注意偏向上脑电特征的差异,有利于指导临床诊断与治疗。本文的研究目的是探讨单相抑郁与双相抑郁患者在情绪的注意偏向上是否有不同特点,进一步明确抑郁患者对不同情绪信息的注意偏向机制,具体表现为注意警觉还是注意滞留亦或是两者皆有,为了寻找可以鉴别单、双相抑郁障碍的神经电生理指标。本研究采用事件相关电位仪记录17名单相抑郁患者、19名双相抑郁患者和22名正常对照者在操作情绪Stroop任务下的EEG信号。采用Brain Vision Analyzer 2.0和BESA Research 6.0软件进行预处理及SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析,得出相应的EPN和P300成分波幅和潜伏期的值及头皮电位分析图和ERP总平均波形图,比较单、双相抑郁患者组与正常对照组的脑电情况。主要的结果包括:(1)行为学研究显示单、双相抑郁组相比于正常组,对不同面部表情图片颜色命名的平均反应时延长;三组被试均对悲伤面部表情反应时缩短。(2)ERP统计结果显示在高兴和中性面部表情条件下,单、双相抑郁患者组相比于正常组的EPN潜伏期缩短;在悲伤情绪条件下,单、双相抑郁患者组相比于正常组的P300波幅减小、潜伏期延长;在高兴情绪条件下,双相抑郁组相比于单相抑郁组的EPN潜伏期缩短。(3)单双相抑郁患者组相比于正常组操作情绪Stroop任务时的额区活性增强。这些发现总的来说可以归纳为:(1)单、双相抑郁患者都存在认知加工速度受损,对悲伤面部表情的注意偏向,进一步表现出对悲伤情绪的注意警觉。(2)单、双相患者组存在对悲伤面部表情的认知缺陷,具体表现为相比于中性刺激P300波幅增大。(3)单相抑郁患者对悲伤面部表情既表现为注意警觉,又有注意滞留。(4)双相抑郁患者对高兴面部表情表现为注意警觉,体现在EPN潜伏期比单相抑郁患者缩短。
[Abstract]:Attention bias is a kind of tendency to pay attention to some kind of information selectively. Attention bias, as an important component of cognitive function, has been paid close attention to all along, and has been regarded by many researchers as an important factor in the occurrence of emotional disorders. Development and maintenance play an important role. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that depressed individuals tend to pay attention to negative emotional information. However, the study of attention bias of bipolar depression affective disorder which is often misdiagnosed as depression in clinical work is still lacking. Therefore, finding out the difference of attention bias in different emotions between single and bipolar depression disorder is helpful to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this study is to explore whether there are different characteristics of emotional attention bias between monophasic and bipolar depression patients, and to further clarify the attention bias mechanism of depression patients to different emotional information. In order to identify the single bipolar depressive disorder neuroelectrophysiologic indexes were found in order to find out whether attention alertness or attentional retention or both existed. In this study, event-related potentiometer was used to record the EEG signals of 19 bipolar depression patients and 22 normal controls under the task of manipulating emotional Stroop. Brain Vision Analyzer 2.0 and BESA Research 6.0 software were used to pre-process and SPSS 19.0 software for statistical analysis. The corresponding values of amplitude and latency of EPN and P300 components, scalp potential analysis and ERP total average waveform were obtained. EEG in bipolar depression group and normal control group. The main results included: (1) Behavioral studies showed that the average response time to different facial expressions was significantly longer in the single, bipolar depression group than in the normal group; The results showed that the latency of EPN in the patients with single and bipolar depression was shorter than that in the normal group under the condition of happy and neutral facial expressions, while in the sad mood, the latency of EPN in the patients with single and bipolar depression was shorter than that in the normal group, while in the sad mood, the latency of EPN in the patients with single and bipolar depression was significantly shorter than that in the normal group. Compared with the normal group, the amplitude of P300 was decreased and the latency was prolonged in the bipolar depression group. The latency of EPN in bipolar depression group was shorter than that in monophasic depression group. These findings can be summed up as: 1) single, bipolar depression patients had impaired cognitive processing speed, attention bias to sad facial expressions, and further showed attention alert to sad emotions. In the bipolar group, there were cognitive deficits in sad facial expressions, which were manifested as attention alertness to sad facial expressions in patients with monophasic depression compared with neutral stimuli with increased P300 amplitude. There were also attentional retention. 4) the patients with bipolar depression showed attention alertness to happy facial expressions, which showed that the latency of EPN was shorter than that of patients with monophasic depression.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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