从选择性注意的角度解释OSPB效应

发布时间：2018-05-30 07:44

本文选题：客体前瞻优势 + 客体回溯范式　；参考：《云南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：客体前瞻优势（OSPB）是客体回溯范式中出现的反应时差异现象，研究者认为它为视觉工作记忆中的“客体文件”这种运动客体实现客体连续表征的机制提供了直接证据。后续研究发现，客体回溯范式中的客体在消失位置再次呈现的条件下也会出现显著的OSPB效应，甚至比客体连续运动条件下的效应更显著，所以研究者又提出了视觉工作记忆的全局表征理论，认为OSPB反映出的是客体信息存储在相对位置上的全局表征，而非单个客体文件这种局部表征。本研究通过五个实验发现：是否产生OSPB效应，并不能作为运动场景中个体是否能对客体文件进行更新操作从而实现客体表征连续性的指标。因为在有些客体做连续运动条件下形成了客体文件的情景中没有出现OSPB效应（实验二），而在客体并未做连续运动的条件下也可能出现OSPB效应（实验三），在这种条件下的OSPB效应只能用视觉的选择性注意理论来解释；而在适合用客体的全局表征来对OSPB进行解释的条件下，选择性注意同样也是一种合理的解释（实验五）。
[Abstract]:OSPB is a phenomenon of response time difference in the object backtracking paradigm, which provides direct evidence for the "object file" in visual working memory, which is a mechanism for the continuous representation of the object. The subsequent studies show that the object in the object tracing paradigm will also have a significant OSPB effect under the condition of disappearing position again, even more significant than the effect under the condition of the continuous motion of the object. Therefore, researchers put forward the theory of global representation of visual working memory. It is believed that OSPB reflects the global representation of the object information stored in the relative position, rather than the local representation of a single object file. Through five experiments, it is found that whether or not the OSPB effect is produced can not be used as an index to update the object file and realize the continuity of the object representation in the moving scene. Because there is no OSPB effect in some cases where the object file is formed under the condition of continuous movement of the object (experiment 2), and the OSPB effect may also occur under the condition that the object does not do the continuous motion (experiment 3, in this article). The OSPB effect can only be explained by visual selective attention theory. Under the condition that the global representation of the object is suitable for the interpretation of OSPB, selective attention is also a reasonable explanation (experiment 5).
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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