社区矫治人员冲动性的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 13:45

本文选题：社区矫治 + 冲动性　；参考：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今世界以刑罚人性化为主流,越来越重视服刑人员的心理健康水平,长期的监禁将影响服刑人员的心理健康水平,在大趋势的推动下,社区矫治应运而生。社区矫治人员主要是指那些罪行较轻、主观恶性程度较小、社会危害性不大或者经过监管改造、确有悔改的表现、不致再危害社会,因而在社区完成服刑改造的犯罪群体,与在监服刑人员相比,由于所占比例较少,社会各界对其的关注度较低。大量关于社区矫治的研究从法学角度来探讨中国社区矫治的立法及组织建设问题,从心理学角度研究社区矫治更多关注的是社区矫治人员的心理健康问题,对于其人格特质、犯罪成因的探索目前尚处于空白阶段。前人研究发现,犯罪群体和正常群体相比,表现出高冲动性和低自我控制能力,可以说,高冲动性是犯罪群体所共有的一个人格特质。社区矫治人员属于犯罪群体中一个较为特殊组成部分,研究他们的冲动性特质,旨在探索其犯罪原因,为后期矫治提供相应的依据和指导,从而有效地帮助他们完成改造,顺利回归社会。本研究以重庆市社区矫治人员为主要研究对象,从实验心理学的角度出发对社区矫治人员的冲动性、自我控制能力以及面对诱惑性刺激的内隐、外显态度来探讨其犯罪的原因,尝试用实验量化的方法对社区矫治人员的冲动性人格特征进行评估,以期为后续的追踪研究、纵向比较奠定基础;为构建具有中国特色的社区矫治制度提供一些临床心理学角度的理论和实验依据。本研究由两个部分组成,研究一通过延迟折扣任务(DDT)、BIS-11冲动性量表及自我控制量表(SCS)测查了社区矫治人员与正常社会群体的冲动性差异;研究二通过方位Stroop任务、IAT内隐联想测验、诱惑性评分量表及BIS-11冲动性量表来测查社区矫治人员对于诱惑性刺激的内隐态度是否可以有效预测其冲动行为的发生。研究被试包括重庆市38名社区矫治人员和21名普通社会人群。研究主要获得以下结论:(1)社区矫治人员与正常社会群体相比,在延迟折扣任务中表现出对长远价值的快速折扣,即表现出更强的冲动性。在BIS-11冲动性量表上也表现出更高的冲动性人格特质。(2)社区矫治人员的冲动性特质和自我控制能力存在显著的负相关关系,自我控制能力较低的被试表现出较高的冲动性。(3)通过BIS-11冲动性量表测查社区矫治人员的冲动性人格特质,通过方位Stroop任务测查社区矫治人员的冲动抑制能力,两者存在显著显著相关,证明方位Stroop任务可以有效测查个体冲动性。(4)社区矫治人员对于诱惑性刺激存在更加积极地内隐态度和外显态度,出现了内隐、外显态度相统一。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the world takes the punishment humanization as the mainstream, pays more and more attention to the mental health level of the prisoners, the long-term imprisonment will affect the mental health level of the prisoners, under the promotion of the general trend, the community correction emerges as the times require. Community correctional personnel mainly refer to those criminal groups whose crimes are lighter, their subjective malignancy is relatively small, their social harm is not too great or they have undergone supervision and reform, and they have shown repentance and will not harm society any more, thus completing the reform of their sentences in the community. Compared with the prisoners, because of the small proportion, the community pay less attention to it. A large number of studies on community correction discuss the legislation and organizational construction of community correction in China from the perspective of law. From the perspective of psychology, more attention is paid to the mental health of community correction personnel, and the personality characteristics of community correction personnel. The exploration of the cause of crime is still in the blank stage. Previous studies have found that, compared with the normal group, the criminal group shows high impulsiveness and low self-control ability. It can be said that high impulsiveness is a common personality trait of the criminal group. Community correctional personnel belong to a special part of the criminal group. The purpose of studying their impulsive characteristics is to explore the causes of their crimes, to provide the corresponding basis and guidance for the later correction, and thus to effectively help them to complete the reform. Return to society smoothly. In this study, Chongqing community correctional personnel as the main research object, from the perspective of experimental psychology of community correctional personnel impulse, self-control ability and the implicit, explicit attitude to face the temptation to explore the causes of the crime. This paper attempts to evaluate the impulsive personality characteristics of community correctional personnel with the method of experimental quantification in order to lay a foundation for the follow-up study and longitudinal comparison. It provides some theoretical and experimental basis for the construction of community correction system with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of clinical psychology. This study is composed of two parts. First, the impulsive differences between community correctors and normal social groups were investigated by using the delayed discount task BIS-11 impulsivity scale and the self-control scale; the second, the implicit association test of IAT was conducted through the azimuth Stroop task. The temptation scale and BIS-11 impulse scale were used to test whether implicit attitude of community correctional personnel to enticing stimulation could effectively predict the occurrence of their impulsive behavior. Participants in the study included 38 community correctional workers and 21 general social groups in Chongqing. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) compared with the normal social group, community correctional personnel show a fast discount to the long-term value, that is, they are more impulsive than the normal social group. BIS-11 impulsivity scale also showed a higher impulsive personality trait. 2) there was a significant negative correlation between impulsive trait and self-control ability of community correctional personnel. The subjects with lower self-control ability showed higher impulsiveness. 3) the impulsive personality traits of community correctional personnel were measured by BIS-11 impulsivity scale, and the impulse inhibition ability of community correctional personnel was tested by orientation Stroop task. There was a significant correlation between them, which proved that the azimuth Stroop task could effectively test individual impulsivity. 4) Community correctors had more active implicit and explicit attitudes towards alluring stimuli, which resulted in the combination of implicit and explicit attitudes.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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