认知操纵对跨期决策冲动的抑制

发布时间：2018-06-06 04:13

本文选题：跨期决策 + 冲动性　；参考：《天津师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：跨期决策是当今包括经济学、心理学以及政治学领域研究的热点之一。其研究范围极其广泛,通常涉及了通过理论建模对人类或动物跨期决策现象进行描述、解释及预测,或对经济学中规范的贴现效用模型的质疑以及修正,或是将理论应用到日常生活中来诠释消费者行为或帮助政府制定公共政策等方面。其中,对跨期决策中冲动现象的解释与控制是当今学界的最新论题之一。一方面,不同的理论取向对冲动现象的解释各异且都达到了可重复验证的标准,但是尚缺乏统一整合的解释；另一方面,若能真正揭示冲动产生的机制以达到最后控制甚至克服冲动,的确具有极大的实践意义。比如,可以缓解决策后不适,避免做出后悔决定,或是相对理性地在诱惑性选项和长远利好之间做出正确选择。本研究通过回顾跨期决策模型、心理学中不同理论取向对跨期决策的研究成果以及跨期冲动现象三个方面,深化了对于跨期决策中冲动现象产生的原因、条件以及机制的理解。在本研究中,通过对90名20-22周岁的盐城师范学院学生进行连贯的两个实验,实验一采用3*2的混合设计,利用直接或间接的认知操纵,与控制组相比,从实验被试身上看到了抑制冲动性的效果。实验二采取的是2*2的被试间设计,利用不同于实验一的另一种广泛应用的间接认知操纵形式,发现此方法对于冲动性的改变效果不明显。本研究在一定程度上证明了国外提出的认知操纵能改变冲动性这一结论,另一方面则说明了直接和间接认知操纵对冲动性的抑制效果相似,而间接操纵认知的形式不同对冲动性作用的效果也各异。
[Abstract]:Intertemporal decision-making is one of the hotspots in the field of economics, psychology and political science. Its research scope is extremely extensive, usually involving the description, interpretation and prediction of human or animal intertemporal decision-making phenomena through theoretical modeling, or questioning and revising normative discounted utility models in economics. Or apply the theory to the daily life to interpret consumer behavior or help the government to formulate public policy and so on. Among them, the explanation and control of impulsive phenomenon in intertemporal decision-making is one of the newest topics in academic circles. On the one hand, different theoretical orientations have different interpretations of impulsive phenomena and all of them meet the criteria of repeatable verification, but there is still a lack of a unified and integrated explanation; on the other hand, It is of great practical significance to reveal the mechanism of impulse generation so as to control or even overcome it. For example, you can ease post-decision discomfort, avoid making regret decisions, or relatively rationally make the right choice between seductive options and long-term good. By reviewing the model of intertemporal decision making, the research results of intertemporal decision making in different theoretical orientations in psychology and the phenomenon of intertemporal impulse, this study deepens the understanding of the causes, conditions and mechanisms of impulsive phenomena in intertemporal decision making. In this study, 90 students aged 20-22 years of age in Yancheng normal University were tested in two consecutive experiments. Experiment one was designed with a mixture of 3X2, using direct or indirect cognitive manipulation, compared with the control group. The effect of inhibition of impulsiveness was seen from the subjects in the experiment. The second experiment adopted the design of 2Q2. It was found that the effect of this method on impulse change was not obvious by using another widely used form of indirect cognitive manipulation which was different from experiment one. To some extent, this study has proved that cognitive manipulation can change impulsiveness, and on the other hand, it shows that direct and indirect cognitive manipulation have similar inhibitory effects on impulsiveness. Different forms of indirect manipulation of cognition have different effects on impulsiveness.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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