他人在场对选择盲的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 06:35

本文选题：选择盲 + 他人在场　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：选择盲现象在各种领域得到验证,事实上,我们在进行决策时并不是独自一人的,因此他人在场这个因素对选择盲这一决策类型也有影响。他人在场的研究集中于任务的难度和他人的特征变量对风险决策、助人行为等的影响。因此,本研究试通过操纵决策任务的难度(高相似,低相似)以及他人的特征变量(性别,心理距离,旁观人数)等来探究他人在场对选择盲的影响。实验一通过2×3的被试间设计来考察他人在场形式的不同对选择盲产生的影响。结果发现:他人在场时出现社会助长,即他人在场条件下的检测率高于独自一人条件下的检测率,但是共作条件下的检测率皆高于前面两种条件;复杂任务的总检测率显著低于简单任务的总检测率,即低相似条件下的检测率显著高于高相似度条件;共作条件下的一致率显著高于旁观者和独自一人一人条件。实验二通过2×3的被试间设计来考察他人数量能否对决策选择盲产生影响。在场他人数量对选择盲检测有影响,即有3个人在场时的检测率最高,而1个人在场的检测率最低。同样地,在他人数量对前后选择一致率的影响上也出现了类似现象。一致率的结果表明他人在场人数的数量会影响到偏好反转,随着人数的增多,越容易出现偏好反转,且当只有1个旁观者在场时,更容易出现偏好反转。实验三通过2×2×2的被试间设计,并辅以对他人与被试心理距离的测量来考察他人性别和心理距离对决策选择盲产生的影响。当在场他人为女性时,男性的检测率在简单任务和复杂任务均出现了性别助长,而女性则没有出现;男性和女性的一致率由于同性在场产生了社会助长。在完成复杂任务时,有异性在场时,女性被试的一致率出现了性别助长;在完成简单任务时,有同性在场男性被试和女性的一致率均出现了社会助长。总之,研究结果基本验证了研究假设,他人在场对选择盲产生积极影响,即他人在场可以减少决策失误。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of selective blindness has been verified in various fields. In fact, we do not make decisions alone, so the presence of others also has an impact on the choice of blind decision type. The study of the presence of others focuses on the impact of task difficulty and the characteristic variables of others on risk decision-making, helping behavior and so on. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the influence of the presence of others on selection blindness through the difficulty of manipulating decision-making tasks (high similarity, low similarity) and the characteristic variables of others (gender, psychological distance, number of spectators). In experiment 1, the effects of different forms of presence on blind selection were investigated by a 2 脳 3 design. The results show that the social contribution occurs when others are present, that is, the detection rate under the condition of others' presence is higher than that under the condition of one person alone, but the detection rate under the condition of co-cropping is higher than that of the former two conditions. The total detection rate of complex task is significantly lower than that of simple task, that is, the detection rate of low similarity condition is significantly higher than that of high similarity condition, and the consistency rate under co-cropping condition is significantly higher than that of bystander and single person condition. Experiment 2 was designed to investigate whether the number of others had an effect on the blind decision making. The number of people present has an effect on the selection of blind test, that is, the detection rate is the highest when there are 3 persons present, while the detection rate is the lowest when one person is present. Similarly, a similar phenomenon occurs in the effect of the number of others on the consistent rate of choice. The results of consistency rate show that the number of people present will affect the preference reversal, and the more the number of people present, the more prone to the preference reversal, and when only one bystander is present, the preference reversal is more likely. In experiment 3, the influence of gender and psychological distance on blind decision making was investigated by the design of 2 脳 2 脳 2 脳 2 subjects and the measurement of psychological distance between others and subjects. When others are women, men's detection rates are sex-fuelled in simple and complex tasks, but not in women; the same rate of men and women is socially encouraged by the presence of the same sex. When accomplishing complex tasks, the female subjects' consistency rate was enhanced by sex when heterosexual was present, while the male participants' consistency rate with the same sex's presence and the female's consistency rate both appeared social support when the simple task was completed. In a word, the research results basically verify the hypothesis that the presence of others has a positive effect on selection blindness, that is, the presence of others can reduce decision-making errors.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

【参考文献】