工作记忆对跳出启动（PoP）效应的影响

发布时间：2018-06-30 02:55

本文选题：跳出启动效应 + 基于客体的工作记忆　；参考：《河北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在日常生活中,存在着大量的信息,人们只有有选择性地加工对自身有用信息才能够保证高效的认知活动,这就需要注意控制的参与。偏向竞争模型(biased competition model, DesimoneDuncan,1995)认为,有两个注意控制过程影响着视觉的选择性注意：自上而下的注意控制和自下而上的注意控制(Yantis,2000)。大量研究表明,工作记忆会影响我们的视觉注意选择(DuncanHumphreys,1989;Bundesen,1990; Wolfe,1994),甚至是在搜索目标是一个具有显著特征的突显刺激的情况下(Soto, HumphreysHeinke,2006)。在突显刺激的特征在连续trial中保持一致时,连续trial的反应时会缩短,产生跳出启动(PoP)效应。一个最近的研究(Lee, MozerVecera,2009)排除了记忆表象是一种解释跳出启动效应的可能的机制。本文探讨视觉工作记忆到底能否影响跳出启动效应。实验1中,工作记忆是基于客体的。在实验1中又细分出两个实验：实验1a中,工作记忆内容为物体的颜色；实验1b中,工作记忆的内容为物体的形状。实验2中的工作记忆是记于空间位置的。研究结果表明： (1)目标物的颜色可以引起跳出启动效应。 (2)无关工作记忆和相关工作记忆都能够引导注意,使注意首先朝向与工作记忆内容相同或相似的物体上。 (3)只有记于空间位置的工作记忆才能够影响跳出启动效应。
[Abstract]:In daily life, there is a large amount of information, people can only selectively process useful information to ensure efficient cognitive activities, which requires attention to the participation of control. According to the biased competition model (biased competition model, money Duncan1995, two attention control processes affect visual selective attention: top-down attention control and bottom-up attention control (Yantis 2000). A large number of studies have shown that working memory can affect our visual attention choices (Duncan Humphreys 1989 / Bundesenn 1990; Wolfel 1994), even when the search target is a prominent stimulus with significant characteristics (Soto, Humphreys Heinkee 2006). When the characteristics of salient stimuli are consistent in continuous trial, the response time of continuous trial will be shortened, resulting in a jump out priming (PoP) effect. A recent study (Lee, Mozer VeceraI 2009) ruled out memory representation as a possible mechanism to explain the jump out of priming effect. This paper discusses whether visual working memory can affect the jump-out priming effect. In experiment 1, working memory was based on objects. In experiment 1, there are two experiments: in experiment 1a, the content of working memory is the color of object; in experiment 1b, the content of working memory is the shape of object. The working memory in experiment 2 is recorded in space. The results show that: (1) the color of the object can induce the jump out priming effect; (2) both the unrelated working memory and the related working memory can lead to attention. First, the attention is directed towards the same or similar objects as the working memory. (3) only the working memory recorded in the spatial position can affect the jump out priming effect.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.3

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