ADD儿童的情绪失调及其与执行功能的关系

发布时间：2018-07-15 15:59

【摘要】：情绪困难是注意缺损障碍(Attention Deficit Disorder,以下简称ADD)儿童的重要缺陷之一,主要表现为难以调节和控制情绪,即情绪失调。另外,ADD儿童的首要缺陷是执行功能上的抑制控制不足。结合相关理论及以往研究结果推测,ADD儿童的情绪失调可能与他们在执行功能抑制方面的缺陷有关。执行功能包括冷执行和热执行两种成分,分析这两种成分与情绪失调的关系有助于进一步了解ADD儿童情绪失调的内在机制。此外,由于消极和积极情绪的产生机理不同,ADD儿童的情绪失调可能存在情境特殊性。由此,本研究考察了ADD儿童在消极和积极情境中的情绪失调情况,以及情绪失调与冷、热执行功能的关系。本研究以上海两所小学的四年级学生为被试,通过Conners教师评定问卷和日常注意测验筛选出41名ADD儿童和41名正常儿童,对他们施测持续注意响应任务(theSustained Attention to Response Task,以下简称SART)和颜色Stroop两个冷执行功能任务、Iowa博弈和延迟折扣两个热执行功能任务,以及衡量情绪失调的竞争拼图任务。考虑到情绪失调和执行功能实验范式的差异可能会对两者的关系结果产生影响,我们基于执行功能任务设计了新的情绪失调任务,对同一批被试施测Wisconsin卡片分类测验(以下简称WCST)和基于WCST改编的情绪失调任务。结果发现：1)ADD儿童与正常儿童相比存在情绪失调,但他们对情绪并非完全不能控制,当被要求控制情绪的情况下,他们能在一定程度上降低自己的情绪失调程度；2)ADD儿童的情绪失调具有情境特殊性,他们在消极情境和积极情境中的表现不同,在消极情境中情绪失调程度较高,在积极情境中他们能相对更好地控制自己的情绪；3)ADD儿童在冷执行功能的抑制成分和部分热执行功能上存在缺陷,在基于执行功能范式的情绪失调实验中,具有抑制缺陷的ADD儿童在消极情境中的情绪失调得分与抑制缺陷有中等程度的相关。
[Abstract]:Emotional difficulty is one of the most important defects in children with Attention deficit disorder (add). It is difficult to regulate and control emotion, that is, emotional disorder. In addition, the main deficiency of ADD children is the lack of inhibition and control in executive function. Based on the relevant theories and previous studies, it is speculated that the emotional disorders of add children may be related to their deficiencies in executive function inhibition. The executive function includes cold execution and hot execution. The analysis of the relationship between these two components and emotional disorders is helpful to further understand the intrinsic mechanism of add children's emotional disorders. In addition, there may be situational particularity of emotional disorders in children with add due to the different mechanism of negative and positive emotions. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between emotional disorders and cold and hot executive functions in add children in both negative and positive situations. In this study, 41 add children and 41 normal children were selected by Conners teacher assessment questionnaire and daily attention test. The sustained Attention to response task (SART) and the color-Stroop cold executive task, Iowa game and delayed discount hot task, as well as competitive puzzles to measure emotional disorders, were performed on them. Considering that differences in emotional disorders and experimental paradigms of executive function may have an impact on the outcome of the relationship, we have designed new emotional disorders based on executive functional tasks. Wisconsin Card sorting Test (WCST) and emotion Disorder Task based on WCST were applied to the same group of subjects. The results showed that: (1) Add children have emotional disorders compared with normal children, but they are not completely unable to control their emotions. When asked to control their emotions, they can reduce their emotional disorders to a certain extent. 2) Add children's emotional disorder has the particularity of situation, their performance in the negative situation and the positive situation is different, in the negative situation, the emotional disorder degree is higher, in the positive situation they can control their own emotion better; 3) Add children have defects in the inhibition of cold executive function and part of hot executive function, and in the experiment of emotional disorders based on executive function paradigm, There was a moderate correlation between the scores of emotional disorders in negative situations and the inhibition defects in ADD children with inhibition deficiency.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B844.1

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